Year 986 (CMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Explorer Bjarni Herjólfsson becomes the first inhabitant of the Old World to sight North America.
Emperor Ichijō succeeds Emperor Kazan on the throne of Japan.
March–July – Chi go Pass Campaign: The Song dynasty sends armies on three fronts against the Liao dynasty in the Sixteen Prefectures, but they are defeated on all fronts.
One of the Four Great Books of Song, the Chinese encyclopedia Finest Blossoms in the Garden of Literature is finished in this year, with a total of 1,000 volumes, representing the work of some 2,200 authors.
March 2 – Louis V becomes King of the Franks.
August 17 – Byzantine–Bulgarian wars: Battle of the Gates of Trajan – The Bulgarians defeat the Byzantine Empire forces at the Gate of Trajan, near modern-day Ihtiman, with Byzantine Emperor Basil II barely escaping.
The de facto ruler of al-Andalus, al-Mansur, continues his effort in the north of the Iberian peninsula; he takes and sacks Coimbra (following which the city is said to have remained deserted for six years).
Sweyn Forkbeard becomes King of Denmark.
Battle of Hjörungavágr: Håkon Sigurdsson of Norway defeats the Danish invasion force.
Æthelstan Ætheling, son of Æthelred the Unready (d. 1011)
Constance of Arles, French queen
March 2 – Lothair, King of the Franks (b. 941)
May 25 – Abd al-Rahman al-Sufi, Muslim astronomer (b. 903)
Harold I of Denmark
Cadwallon ab Ieuaf, King of Gwynedd
Yang Ye, Chinese general of Song dynasty
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