Country United States | ||
 | ||
Active 9 February 1943 – 31 July 1946
15 March 1947 – 1 October 1973
1 October 1987 – 1 October 1993
20 May 2005 – present Branch United States Air Force Type Special Operations Training Part of Air Education and Training Command
19th Air Force
58th Special Operations Wing
58th Operations Group Decorations DUC
PUC
AFOUA
French Croix de Guerre w/Palm
French Fourragère
RVGC w/ Palm | ||
The 71st Special Operations Squadron (71 SOS) is part of the 58th Special Operations Wing at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico. It operates CV-22 Osprey conducting special operations flying training.
Contents
Mission
Provide Combat Ready CV-22 Aircrews to Air Force Special Operations Command.
History
Established in early 1943 as a C-47 Skytrain transport squadron under First Air Force, later trained under I Troop Carrier Command in the eastern United States. Deployed to England in late 1943, being assigned to Ninth Air Force in England, IX Troop Carrier Command to participate in the buildup of forces prior to the Allied landings in France during D–Day in June 1944.
Engaged in combat operations by dropping paratroops into Normandy on D-Day (6 June 1944) and releasing gliders with reinforcements on the following day. The unit received a Distinguished Unit Citation and a French citation for these missions.
After the Normandy invasion the squadron ferried supplies in the United Kingdom. The squadron also hauled food, clothing, medicine, gasoline, ordnance equipment, and other supplies to the front lines and evacuated patients to rear zone hospitals. It dropped paratroops near Nijmegen and towed gliders carrying reinforcements during the airborne attack on the Netherlands. In December, it participated in the Battle of the Bulge by releasing gliders with supplies for the 101st Airborne Division near Bastogne.
Moved to France in early 1945, and participated in the Western Allied invasion of Germany, participating in the air assault across the Rhine River in March 1945, each aircraft towed two gliders with troops of the 17th Airborne Division and released them near Wesel.
Returned to the United States in August 1945, becoming a domestic troop carrier squadron for Continental Air Forces, inactivated July 1946. For its perseverance and bravery, the 71st received the Distinguished Unit Citation and the French Croix de Guerre with Palm.
It conducted Reserve troop carrier training after the war. The 71st was called to active duty status during the Korean War from, 1951–1953 and again during the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962. From June to December 1968, the squadron continued airlift support of Tactical Air Command and Air Force Logistics Command, while training in operations of AC-119G gunships.
Vietnam War
On 15 June 1968, about a month after its parent 930th Tactical Airlift Group had been mobilized at Bakalar Air Force Base, with eighteen C-l19Gs, the 71st Tactical Airlift Squadron moved to Lockbourne Air Force Base, Ohio, and converted to AC-119 gunship operations. On that same date, the 71st was redesignated as the 71st Air Commando Squadron, a name that lasted less than a month, as the unit became the 71st Special Operations Squadron on 8 July. Conversion from tactical airlift to gunship operations in the AC-119 brought significant changes. The crew composition increased from five to eight as the crew acquired a second navigator and two gunners while the loadmaster cross-trained as an illuminator operator. Also, a change in the ratio of crews to airplanes increased total crew requirements from sixteen to twenty-four.
By 21 November 1968, the crews had formed and were ready. The aircrews left for Vietnam on 5 December; four days later, other elements of the squadron left via C-141 Starlifters. The unit was reassigned to the 14th Special Operations Wing on 20 December 1968. During its time in South Vietnam, the 71st got away cheaply for having flown more than 6,000 hours in six months in a combat zone. It lost no aircraft, and only six received any kind of battle damage in the air. The most serious incident involved an aircraft struck by about twenty six rounds of 12.7-mm fire which put 19 holes in the aft part of the fuselage and caused minor lacerations in the neck and back of a gunner. This active force man was augmenting the basic reserve crew; nevertheless he became the first combat casualty aboard an Air Force Reserve aircraft since the 452d Light Bomb Wing was relieved at Pusan East (K-9) Air Base, South Korea, on 7 May 1952 during the Korean War.
The squadron was relieved from active service and returned to Bakalar Air Force Base on 18 June 1969. It was inactivated on 1 October 1973.
Southwest Asia
It was again called to active duty status on 1 January 1991. It carried out combat search, rescue, visual reconnaissance and other special operations in Southwest Asia from, January–April 1991. The 71st was again relieved from active status on 21 April 1992.
Air Education and Training Command
The 71 SOS was reactivated on 20 May 2005 at Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico to serve as the Air Force's CV-22 Osprey training squadron. The unique capabilities of the CV-22 required the creation of a separate squadron from existing Air Education and Training Command training squadrons. Regular training operations began in early 2007.