The Sixty-eighth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1923 to March 4, 1925, during the last months of Warren G. Harding's presidency, and the first years of his successor, Calvin Coolidge. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Thirteenth Decennial Census of the United States in 1910. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
August 2, 1923 – President Warren Harding died and Calvin Coolidge became President of the United States
September 22, 1923: U.S. Coal Commission Act
April 26, 1924: Seed and Feed Loan Act
May 19, 1924: World War Adjusted Compensation Act (Bonus Bill), Sess. 1, ch. 157, 43 Stat. 121
May 24, 1924: Rogers Act
May 26, 1924: Immigration Act of 1924 (Johnson–Reed Act), Sess. 1, ch. 190, 43 Stat. 153
May 29, 1924: Indian Oil Leasing Act of 1924 (Lenroot Act)
June 2, 1924: Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 (Snyder Act), Sess. 1, ch. 233, 43 Stat. 253
June 2, 1924: Revenue Act of 1924 (Simmons–Longworth Act), Sess. 1, ch. 234, 43 Stat. 253
June 3, 1924: Inland Waterways Act of 1924 (Denison Act)
June 7, 1924: Pueblo Lands Act of 1924
June 7, 1924: Oil Pollution Act of 1924, Pub.L. 68–238, ch. 316, 43 Stat. 604
June 7, 1924: Clarke–McNary Act, Sess. 1, ch. 348, 43 Stat. 653
January 30, 1925: Hoch–Smith Resolution
January 31, 1925: Special Duties Act
February 2, 1925: Airmail Act of 1925 (Kelly Act)
February 12, 1925: Federal Arbitration Act
February 16, 1925: Home Port Act of 1925
February 24, 1925: Purnell Act
February 27, 1925: Temple Act
February 28, 1925: Classification Act of 1925
February 28, 1925: Federal Corrupt Practices Act (Gerry Act)
March 2, 1925: Judiciary Act of 1925
March 3, 1925: River and Harbors Act of 1925
March 3, 1925: Helium Act of 1925
March 3, 1925: Mount Rushmore National Memorial Act (Norbeck-Williamson Act)
March 4, 1925: Establishment of the United States Navy Band
March 4, 1925: Probation Act of 1925
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section??.?%
President: Calvin Coolidge (R), until August 3, 1923; vacant thereafter.
President pro tempore: Albert B. Cummins (R)
Majority leader: Charles Curtis
Majority whip: Wesley L. Jones
Republican Conference Secretary: James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr.
Minority leader: Joseph T. Robinson
Minority whip: Peter G. Gerry
Democratic Caucus Secretary: William H. King
Speaker: Frederick H. Gillett (R)
Majority leader: Nicholas Longworth
Majority Whip: Albert H. Vestal
Republican Conference Chair: Sydney Anderson
Minority Leader: Finis J. Garrett
Minority Whip: William Allan Oldfield
Democratic Caucus Chairman: Henry Thomas Rainey
Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Arthur B. Rouse
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
Skip to House of Representatives, below
Senators were elected every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1928; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1924; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1926.
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by their district numbers.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
replacements: 7
Democratic: 1 seat net gain
Republican: 2 seat net loss
Farmer–Labor: 1 seat net gain
deaths: 7
resignations: 0
vacancy: 0
Total seats with changes: 8
replacements: 22
Democratic: 1 seat net gain
Republican: 1 seat net loss
deaths: 15
resignations: 6
contested election: 0
Total seats with changes: 24
Lists of committees and their party leaders.
Agriculture and Forestry
Appropriations
Attorney General Harry M. Daugherty (Select)
Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate
Banking and Currency
Campaign Expenditures (Special)
Charges against Burton K. Wheeler (Select)
Civil Service
Claims
Commerce
District of Columbia
Education and Labor
Enrolled Bills
Expenditures in Executive Departments
Finance
Foreign Relations
Immigration
Immigration and Naturalization
Indian Affairs
Internal Revenue Bureau (Select)
Interoceanic Canals
Interstate Commerce
Judiciary
Library
Manufactures
Military Affairs
Mines and Mining
Naval Affairs
Nine Foot Channel from the Great Lakes to the Gulf (Select)
Patents
Pensions
Post Office and Post Roads
Printing
Privileges and Elections
Propaganda Affecting Taxation and Soldiers' Bonus (Select)
Public Buildings and Grounds
Public Lands and Surveys
Reforestation (Select)
Revision of the Laws
Rules
Territories and Insular Possessions
Veterans Bureau Investigation (Select)
War Finance Corporation Loans (Select)
Whole
Accounts
Agriculture
Air Services (Select)
Alcoholic Liquor Traffic
Appropriations
Banking and Currency
Census
Civil Service
Claims
Coinage, Weights and Measures
Disposition of Executive Papers
District of Columbia
Education
Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress
Elections
Enrolled Bills
Expenditures in the Agriculture Department
Expenditures in the Commerce Department
Expenditures in the Interior Department
Expenditures in the Justice Department
Expenditures in the Labor Department
Expenditures in the Navy Department
Expenditures in the Post Office Department
Expenditures in the State Department
Expenditures in the Treasury Department
Expenditures in the War Department
Expenditures on Public Buildings
Flood Control
Foreign Affairs
Immigration and Naturalization
Indian Affairs
Industrial Arts and Expositions
Insular Affairs
Interstate and Foreign Commerce
Invalid Pensions
Irrigation of Arid Lands
Labor
Merchant Marine and Fisheries
Mileage
Military Affairs
Mines and Mining
Naval Affairs
Patents
Pensions
Post Office and Post Roads
Public Buildings and Grounds
Public Lands
Railways and Canals
Reform in the Civil Service
Revision of Laws
Rivers and Harbors
Roads
Rules
Standards of Official Conduct
Territories
War Claims
Ways and Means
Woman Suffrage
Whole
Banking and Currency
Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
Determine what Employment may be Furnished Federal Prisoners
Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers
Federal Reserve System
Investigate Congressional Salaries
Investigation of Northern Pacific Railroad Land Grants
Postal Service
Reorganization
Reorganization of the Administrative Branch of the Government
Architect of the Capitol:
Elliott Woods, until May 22, 1923
David Lynn, from August 22, 1923
Comptroller General of the United States: John R. McCarl
Librarian of Congress: Herbert Putnam
Public Printer of the United States: George H. Carter
Chaplain: John J. Muir Baptist
Secretary: George A. Sanderson of Illinois
Sergeant at Arms: David S. Barry of Rhode Island
Chaplain: James S. Montgomery Methodist, elected April 11, 1921
Clerk: William T. Page of Maryland, elected December 5, 1923
Doorkeeper: Bert W. Kennedy of Michigan, elected December 5, 1923
Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: Lehr Fess
Postmaster of the House: Frank W. Collier of Wisconsin, elected December 5, 1923
Sergeant at Arms: Joseph G. Rodgers of Pennsylvania, elected December 5, 1923
