65th Air Division

History

Established as the 4 Air Defense Wing, the unit was not activated or manned. Redesignated as the 65th Fighter Wing, the wing and its subordinate units transferred to England and was assigned to VIII Fighter Command in June 1943 and began flying combat missions. "Subordinate units escorted bombers, flew counter air patrols, and dive bombing missions. They attacked airdromes, marshaling yards, missile sites, industrial areas, ordnance depots, oil refineries, trains, and highways. During Big Week [in late] February 1944, the 65th participated in the assaults against the German Air Force and the German aircraft industry. Its units supported the Allied invasion of Normandy (June 1944); the Allied ground troops during the Battle of the Bulge (December 1944 through January 1945); the Allied airborne attack on the Netherlands (Operation Market Garden, September 1944); the defense of the Remagen bridgehead against German air attacks (March 1945); and the airborne attack across the Rhine (March 1945)."

"As an Air Division, it carried out air defense operations in Iceland from 1952 to 1954. Activated three years later it transferred to Spain, where it cooperated with Spanish Air Force units in the Air Defense Direction Centers (ADDCs). The 65th Air Division directed base construction, and the establishment of off base housing and radar sites. Its fighter squadrons flew air defense interceptions over Spanish airspace."

"The 65th also controlled the operations of attached tactical fighter squadrons deployed to Spain for temporary duty. Assigned or attached units of the division participated in numerous exercises with the Spanish Air Defense Command, and in some instances, with the United States Sixth Fleet. In June 1985, the 65th assumed responsibility for integrating USAFE's electronic combat systems to maximize overall warfighting potential."

The division was inactivated in June 1991 as the Air Force eliminated air divisions to shorten the chain of command.

Lineage

Established as the 4th Air Defense Wing on 25 March 1943

Activated on 27 March 1943 Redesignated 65th Fighter Wing on 24 July 1943 Inactivated on 21 November 1945

Redesignated 65th Air Division (Defense) on 17 April 1952

Organized on 24 April 1952 Discontinued on 8 March 1954

Activated on 8 April 1957

Discontinued and inactivated on 1 January 1965

Redesignated 65th Air Division and activated on 1 June 1985

Inactivated on 30 June 1991

Assignments

Fourth Air Force, 27 March 1943

Army Service Forces, Port of Embarkation 6 May 1943

Eighth Air Force, 2 June 1943

VIII Fighter Command, 4 June 1943

2 Bombardment (later, 2 Air) Division, 15 September 1944

3 Air Division, 1 June – 21 November 1945

Iceland Air Defense Force, 24 April 1952 – 8 March 1954

Sixteenth Air Force, 8 April 1957

United States Air Forces in Europe, 1 July 1960 – 1 January 1965

Seventeenth Air Force, 1 June 1985 – 30 June 1991

Components

Wings

52d Tactical Fighter Wing: 1 June 1985 – 30 June 1991

66th Electronic Combat Wing: 1 June 1985 – 30 June 1991

601st Tactical Control Wing: 1 June 1985 – 31 July 1987

Groups

4th Fighter Group, c. 7 August 1943 – c. 31 May 1945

56th Fighter Group, c. 7 August 1943 – c. 31 May 1945

78th Fighter Group, c. 24 July 1943 – c. 18 August 1943

355th Fighter Group, c. 18 August 1943 – c. 31 May 1945

356th Fighter Group, c. 31 October 1943 – c. 8 August 1944

361st Fighter Group, c. 8 August 1944 – c. 24 December 1944; c. 10 April 1945 – c. 31 May 1945

479th Fighter Group, 31 May 1944 – 31 May 1945

Flight:

1 Gunnery and Tow Flight: 17 November 1944 – 29 May 1945

Squadrons: