Species Human Entrez 241 | Human Mouse Ensembl ENSG00000132965 | |
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Aliases ALOX5AP, FLAP, arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase activating protein External IDs OMIM: 603700 MGI: 107505 HomoloGene: 1231 GeneCards: ALOX5AP | ||
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein also known as 5-lipoxygenase activating protein, or FLAP, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ALOX5AP gene.
Contents
Function
FLAP is necessary for the activation of 5-lipoxygenase and therefore for the production of leukotrienes, 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid, and specialized pro-resolving mediators of the lipoxin and resolvin classes. It is an integral protein within the nuclear membrane. FLAP is necessary in synthesis of leukotriene, which are lipid mediators of inflammation that is involved in respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. FLAP functions as a membrane anchor for 5-lipooxygenase and as an amine acid-bind protein. How FLAP activates 5-lipooxygenase is not completely understood, but there is a physical interaction between the two. FLAP structure consist of 4 transmembrane alpha helices, but they are found in 3’s( trimer) forming a barrel. The barrel is about 60 A high and 36 A wide.
Clinical significance
Gene polymorphisms in FLAP are suspected of playing a role in Alzheimer's disease. Leukotrienes, which need the FLAP protein to be made, have an established pathological role in allergic and respiratory diseases. Animal and human genetic evidence suggests they may also have an important role in atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. The structure of FLAP provides a tool for the development of novel therapies for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and for the design of focused experiments to probe the cell biology of FLAP and its role in leukotriene biosynthesis.