Discovered by Mt. Lemmon Survey MPC designation 2011 SC191 Observation arc 4715 days (12.91 yr) | Discovery date October 31, 2011 Minor planet category Martian L5 | |
 | ||
Aphelion 1.5910690 AU (238.02053 Gm) | ||
2011 SC191, also written as 2011 SC191, is a small asteroid orbiting near the L5 point of Mars (60 degrees behind Mars on its orbit).
Contents
Discovery, orbit and physical properties
2011 SC191 was first observed on March 21, 2003 by the Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking (NEAT) project at Palomar Observatory using the Samuel Oschin telescope and given the provisional designation 2003 GX20. The object was subsequently lost and re-discovered on October 31, 2011 by the Mt. Lemmon Survey. Its orbit is characterized by low eccentricity (0.044), moderate inclination (18.7°) and a semi-major axis of 1.52 AU. Upon discovery, it was classified as Mars-crosser by the Minor Planet Center. Its orbit is well determined as it is currently (March 2013) based on 45 observations with a data-arc span of 3,146 days. 2011 SC191 has an absolute magnitude of 19.3 which gives a characteristic diameter of 600 m.
Mars trojan and orbital evolution
Recent calculations indicate that it is a stable L5 Mars trojan with a libration period of 1300 yr and an amplitude of 18°. These values as well as its short-term orbital evolution are similar to those of 5261 Eureka. Its eccentricity oscillates mainly due to secular resonances with the Earth and the oscillation in inclination is likely driven by secular resonances with Jupiter.
Origin
Long-term numerical integrations show that its orbit is very stable on Gyr time-scales (1 Gyr = 1 billion years). As in the case of Eureka, calculations in both directions of time (4.5 Gyr into the past and 4.5 Gyr into the future) indicate that 2011 SC191 may be a primordial object, perhaps a survivor of the planetesimal population that formed in the terrestrial planets region early in the history of the Solar System.