Prime Minister of Israel – David Ben-Gurion (Mapai)
President of Israel – Yitzhak Ben-Zvi
Chief of General Staff - Tzvi Tzur
Government of Israel - 10th Government of Israel
16 March – Operation Swallow: Following a series of Syrian attacks on Israeli fishermen in the Sea of Galilee, IDF forces raid Syrian posts in the village of Nokyeab. During the operation 30 Syrian and seven Israeli soldiers are killed.
22 March – Adolf Eichmann began an appeal to an Israeli court, as his lawyer, Robert Servatius sought to spare Eichmann from the death sentence ordered in his 1961 war crimes conviction. The verdict would be upheld, and Eichmann would be executed on 31 May.
31 May – Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann, one of the main people responsible for the actual implementation of the Final Solution Plan, is executed by hanging in Israel. Eichmann is the only person to have been executed in Israel on conviction by a civilian court.
The most prominent events related to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict which occurred during 1962 include:
Notable Palestinian militant operations against Israeli targets
The most prominent Palestinian fedayeen terror attacks committed against Israelis during 1962 include:
12 April - Armed Palestinian Arab militants, who infiltrated into Israel, fired on an Egged bus on the way to Eilat; one passenger was wounded.
30 September - Two armed Palestinian Arab militants, who infiltrated into Israel, attacked an Egged bus on the way to Eilat. No one was wounded.
Notable Israeli military operations against Palestinian militancy targets
The most prominent Israeli military counter-terrorism operations (military campaigns and military operations) carried out against Palestinian militants during 1962 include:
The founding of the town Arad.
The founding of the kibbutz Eilot.
13 April – Hillel Slovak, Israeli-American guitarist (Red Hot Chili Peppers) (died 1988).
9 June – Yuval Banai, Israeli singer.
21 November – Avri Gilad, Israeli media personality.
26 December – Eli Yishai, Israeli politician and head of the Shas party.
2 February – Shlomo Hestrin (born 1914), Canadian-born Israeli biochemist.
14 May – Dov Karmi (born 1905), Russian (Ukraine)-born Israeli architect.
31 May – Adolf Eichmann (born 1906), German Nazi and SS-Obersturmbannführer (Lieutenant Colonel) and one of the major organizers of the Holocaust, executed in prison at Ramla, Israel
6 June – Abba Ahimeir (born 1897), Russian-born Israeli journalist, historian and political activist.
10 July – Yehuda Leib Maimon (born 1875), Russian (Bassarabia)-born Israeli rabbi and government minister.
28 August – Herzl Berger (born 1904), Russian (Belarus)-born Israeli activist and politician.
24 October – Hanan Rubin (born 1908), German-born Israeli politician.
