First 4 October Total 3 Failures 1 | Last 6 December Successes 1 Partial failures 1 | |
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The first orbital flight of an artificial satellite, Sputnik 1, was launched in October 1957, by the Soviet Union.
In November, the second orbital flight took place. The Soviet Union launched the first animal to orbit the Earth, a dog, Laika, who died in orbit a few days after launch.
There were also 189 suborbital launches, many unsuccessful.
References
1957 in spaceflight Wikipedia(Text) CC BY-SA