1945 in Norway

Incumbents

Government in Exile (in London) until 9 May

Monarch - Haakon VII

Prime Minister - Johan Nygaardsvold (Labour Party) until 25 June, Einar Gerhardsen (Labour Party)

German Military Governor

Reichskommissar in Norway - Josef Terboven until 7 May, Franz Böhme until 8 May

German Puppet Government in Oslo

Minister-President – Vidkun Quisling (National Unification) until 8 May

Events

8 February - Karl Marthinsen was assassinated.

9 February - 29 Norwegians were executed by the Nazi regime in Norway as reprisal of Marthinsen's death, among others Jon Vislie, Kaare Sundby and Haakon Sæthre. The extent and severity of the reprisals shocked the Norwegian population and government-in-exile, resulting in a general moratorium against targeted killings of high-ranking Nazi officials.

9 February - Black Friday: a large air battle between German and British aircraft over Sunnfjord. It was the largest aerial clash over Norway during World War II.

7 May - Knut Hamsun released his obituary of Adolf Hitler.

8 May - The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany ended as German forces agreed to an unconditional surrender.

8 May - Grini concentration camp was liberated, only to be used later for treason suspects under the name Ilebu.

8 May - Josef Terboven and Wilhelm Rediess committed suicide.

9 May - Vidkun Quisling was arrested.

11 May - Sverre Riisnæs gave up his entrenchment at Skallum farm. Jonas Lie died during the entrenchment.

11 May - Akershus Fortress surrendered by the Germans to Terje Rollem acting on behalf of the resistance.

13 May - Heinrich Fehlis was arrested and committed suicide.

14 May - Henry Rinnan was arrested.

31 May - Government returned from exile in London.

6 June - King Haakon VII of Norway returned to Norway.

14 June - Knut Hamsun was apprehended.

20 June - Paal Berg gave up plans to form a broad, non-partisan coalition government.

25 June - Prime Minister Johan Nygaardsvold resigned as Haakon VII appointed Einar Gerhardsen to head an interim government composed of all political parties.

6 July - Norway declares war on Japan.

25 July – Gerhardsen's First Cabinet was appointed.

17 August - Reidar Haaland was executed.

8 October - The 1945 Parliamentary election takes place.

24 October - Vidkun Quisling was executed by firing squad at Akershus Fortress.

5 November – Gerhardsen's Second Cabinet was appointed.

24 December - Henry Rinnan escaped from prison, only to be apprehended later.

IG Farben was the largest stock-holder in Norsk Hydro. The two companies first formed a business partnership in 1927.

The newspaper Verdens Gang was founded.

The periodical Kvinnen og Tiden is founded.

Municipal and county elections are held throughout the country.

Notable births

9 January - Liv Gjølstad, judge

10 February - Espen Haavardsholm, novelist, poet, biographer and essayist

14 January - Liv Køltzow, novelist, playwright, biographer and essayist

17 January - Geir Lundestad, author and educator

20 January Bjørn Tore Godal, politician and Minister

26 February - Marta Kristen, actress

27 February - Odd Fossengen, motorcycle speedway rider

11 March - Sylfest Lomheim, philologist and director of the Norwegian Language Council, Språkrådet

20 March - Erling Brandsnes, politician

26 March - Steinar Bastesen, politician

1 April - Per Kværne, tibetologist and art historian

3 April - Ernst Oddvar Baasland, bishop

6 April - Sverre Lodgaard, political scientist and politician

16 April - Britt Karin Larsen, poet and author

25 April

Ranja Hauglid, politician

Arne Kvalheim, long-distance runner

26 April - Paal-Helge Haugen, poet, novelist, dramatist and children's writer

27 April - Kirsti Strøm Bull, professor of law

2 May - Tore Linné Eriksen, historian

12 May - Tormod Haugen, author (died 2008)

16 May - Ingeborg Sorensen, model

24 May - Eva Bugge, diplomat

2 June - Kolbjørn Almlid, businessperson and politician

17 June – Inge Thun, footballer (died 2008)

18 June - Jostein Helge Bernhardsen, diplomat

4 July - Steinar Amundsen, sprint canoer, Olympic gold medallist and World Champion

18 July - Magnar Lussand, politician

23 July - Knut Brustad, middle distance runner

24 July - Gunnar Halvorsen, politician

17 August - Arild Hiim, politician

15 September - Ranveig Frøiland, politician

16 September - Dag Frøland, comedian and revue artist (died 2010)

20 September - Torkild Brakstad, international soccer player and coach

23 September - Bjørgulv Froyn, politician

25 September - Knut Eggum Johansen, civil servant

1 October

Britt Fredriksen, model

Jan Fuglset, soccer player

8 October - Kjersti Graver, jurist and Norwegian Consumer Ombudsman (died 2009)

20 October - Trond Kverno, composer

27 October

Arild Andersen, bass player

Ellen Bergli, politician

Kjell Hovda, biathlete

31 October - Tove Bull, linguist

1 November - Svein Fjellheim, trade unionist and politician

6 November - Odd Iversen, international soccer player

15 November - Anni-Frid Lyngstad, singer, former ABBA member

7 December - Liv Lindeland, model and actress

17 December - Odd Karsten Tveit, journalist, writer and economist

27 December - Tor Berger Jørgensen, bishop

Full date unknown

Turid Hundstad, civil servant

Odd F. Lindberg, freelance journalist, Arctic explorer and film maker

Notable deaths

9 January - Jan Østervold, sailor and Olympic gold medallist (born 1876)

11 January - Nils Uhlin Hansen, long jumper and resistance member (born 1919)

5 February - Ludvik Buland, trade unionist (born 1893)

8 February - Karl Marthinsen, commander of Statspolitiet and Sikkerhetspolitiet in Norway during the Nazi occupation (born 1896)

9 February

Kaare Sundby, engineer, resistance member, executed (born 1905)

Jon Vislie, lawyer, executed as a reprisal (born 1896)

13 February

Adolf Bogstad, resistance member, executed (born 1920)

Arvid Hansen, resistance member, executed (born 1916)

19 February - Frederik Prytz, politician (born 1878)

5 March - Per Lie, labour activist (born 1907)

11 March - Leif Tronstad, scientist, intelligence officer and military organizer (born 1903)

17 March

Henry Gundersen, resistance member, executed (born 1920)

Kåre Olafsen, resistance member, executed (born 1920)

Frank Olsen, resistance member, executed (born 1922)

17 April - Gerdt Henrik Meyer Bruun, politician and Minister (born 1873)

30 April - Worm Hirsch Darre-Jenssen, engineer, politician and Minister (born 1870)

7 May - Christian Albrecht Jakhelln, businessperson and politician (born 1863)

8 May - Josef Terboven, Reichskommissar during the German military occupation of Norway, suidice (born 1898)

10 May - Henrik Rogstad, politician and police leader, collaborator, suicide (born 1916)

11 May - Jonas Lie, politician, minister and police leader, collaborator (born 1899)

27 June - Kai Holst, resistance fighter (born 1913)

12 July - Bjørn Talén, opera singer (born 1890)

17 August - Reidar Haaland, police officer and collaborator, executed (born 1919)

20 August - Katti Anker Møller, feminist, children's rights advocate and pioneer of reproductive rights (born 1868)

24 October - Vidkun Quisling, army officer, politician and Minister-President of Norway, executed (born 1887)

16 September - Oluf Wesmann-Kjær, rifle shooter (born 1874)

2 October - Leif Grung, architect (born 1894)

1 November - Olaf Sæther, rifle shooter and Olympic gold medallist (born 1872)

20 November - Jacob Thorkelson, elected official, naval officer and medical doctor in America (born 1876)