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Events in the year 1891 in Brazil.
President: Deodoro da Fonseca (until 23 November); Floriano Peixoto (from 23 November)
24 February – A new constitution is adopted by a Constitutional Congress.
26 February – Presidential election: De facto President Deodoro da Fonseca is confirmed in post, gaining 55.61% of the vote.
3 November – President Fonseca dissolves the National Congress and declares a "state of emergency".
23 November
President Fonseca resigns from office, handing the position to Floriano Peixoto.
Exiled Emperor Pedro II appears at the French Academy of Sciences for the last time to participate in an election.
3 December – A sudden deterioration is noted in the health of Pedro II.
9 December – Despite government repression, a popular gathering in memory of the deceased emperor occurred takes place, organized by the Marquis of Tamandaré, Viscount of Ouro Preto, Viscount of Sinimbu, Baron of Ladário, Carlos de Laet, Alfredo d' Escragnolle Taunay, Rodolfo Dantas, Afonso Celso and Joaquim Nabuco.
date unknown - The daily newspaper Jornal do Brasil is founded.
Adolfo Caminha - A normalista
10 April – Zélio Fernandino de Moraes, founder of the Umbanda Branca religion (d. 1975)
21 July – Lasar Segall, Jewish painter, engraver and sculptor, died in Lithuania (d. 1957)
23 October - Pedro Ludovico, founder of Goiânia (d. 1979)
22 January – Benjamin Constant Botelho de Magalhães, soldier, and politician (b. 1827)
5 December – Pedro II of Brazil, exiled Emperor of Brazil (b. 1827)
1891 in Brazil Wikipedia (Text) CC BY-SA