Supriya Ghosh (Editor)

1880 in science

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The year 1880 in science and technology included many events, some of which are listed here.

Contents

Astronomy

  • September 30 – American doctor Henry Draper takes the first photograph of the Orion Nebula, from Hastings-on-Hudson, New York; this year he also photographs the spectrum of Jupiter.

    • Mathematics

  • F. Landry finds the largest known Fermat prime, 65537.
  • John Venn popularises Venn diagrams.

    • Medicine

  • Moritz Kaposi publishes Pathologie und Therapie der Hautkrankheiten in Vorlesungen für praktische Ärzte und Studierende ("Pathology and treatment of diseases of the skin, for practitioners and students"), a significant textbook in dermatology.
  • English surgeon Sampson Gamgee reports on his use of the medical dressing Gamgee Tissue.
  • Scottish surgeon William Macewen reports on his use of orotracheal intubation as an alternative to tracheotomy.

    • Physics

  • February 13 – Thomas Edison observes the Edison effect.
  • The first demonstration of the direct piezoelectric effect is made by the brothers Pierre Curie and Jacques Curie.
  • Johannes Diderik van der Waals formulates the Law of Corresponding States.

    • Technology

  • Dugald Clerk builds the first successful two-stroke engine.

    • Publications

  • February – The journal Science is first published in the United States with financial backing from Thomas Edison.
  • Start of publication of Report Of The Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76.

    • Awards

  • Copley Medal: James Joseph Sylvester
  • Wollaston Medal: Auguste Daubrée

    • Births

  • January 18 – Paul Ehrenfest (died 1933), Austrian physicist and mathematician.
  • February 17 – Reginald Farrer (died 1920), English botanist.
  • June 21 – Arnold Gesell (died 1961), American developmental psychologist.
  • June 24 – Oswald Veblen (died 1960), American mathematician.
  • August 17 – Paul Kammerer (died 1926), Austrian Lamarckian biologist.
  • October 15 – Marie Stopes (died 1958), English paleobotanist and pioneer of birth control.

    • Deaths

  • January 9 – William Budd (born 1811), English physician and epidemiologist.
  • May 6 – Friedrich Bayer (born 1825), German manufacturing chemist.
  • July 9 – Paul Broca (born 1824), French anthropologist.

    • References

    1880 in science Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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