Suvarna Garge (Editor)

1255

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Year 1255 (MCCLV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Contents

Asia

  • Hulagu Khan is dispatched by his brother Möngke Khan to destroy the remaining Muslim states in southwestern Asia.

    • Europe

  • May – William of Rubruck from Constantinople returns to Cyprus from his missionary journey to convert the Tatars of central and eastern Asia, his efforts having been unsuccessful.
  • August – The final Cathar stronghold in southern France falls, eliminating their last refuge since the Roman Catholic Church began the Albigensian Crusade to crush the sect in 1209.
  • The death of Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln prompts the persecution of Jews in England, based on the blood libel.
  • Lisbon becomes the capital of Portugal.
  • A survey of royal privileges is conducted, which is included in the Hundred Rolls, an English census seen as a followup to the Domesday Book completed in 1086; the Hundred Rolls is later completed with two larger surveys in 1274/1275 and 1279/1280.
  • Königsberg (now Kaliningrad) is founded by the Teutonic Knights in Prussia and named in honour of king Ottokar II of Bohemia.
  • Theodore II Laskaris, Byzantine Emperor (in exile in the Empire of Nicaea), conducts a military campaign to recover Thrace from the Bulgarians. He concludes the task successfully a year later in 1256.
  • The Duchy of Bavaria is split into Upper and Lower Bavaria.
  • The lands of the House of Nassau are divided, not to be reunited until 1806.
  • King Béla IV of Hungary grants Banská Bystrica the municipal rights of a royal town.

    • Arts and culture

  • The Gothic cathedral at Bourges, France, is completed. It is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

    • Markets

  • At the death of Bernardo Bonsignori, his brother, Orlando, is left sole director of the largest banking firm in western Europe, the Gran Tavola of Siena.

    • Births

  • July – Albert I of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1308)
  • William de Ros, 2nd Baron de Ros, claimant to the crown of Scotland (d. 1317)
  • Duccio di Buoninsegna, Sienese painter (d. 1319)
  • Grand Prince Andrey of Gorodets (approximate date; d. 1304)
  • Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg, King of the Romans (approximate date; d. 1298)

    • Deaths

  • May 1 – Walter de Gray, English prelate and statesman
  • August 27 – Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln (b. 1247)
  • Batu Khan, Mongol ruler and founder of the Blue Horde
  • Jarler, Archbishop of Uppsala since 1236
  • Sundiata Keita, semi-historical hero and founder of the Mali Empire (approximate date; b. c. 1190)

    • References

    1255 Wikipedia
    (Text) CC BY-SA


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