The 1050s was a decade of the Julian Calendar which began on January 1, 1050, and ended on December 31, 1059.
Contents
Events
1050
This section is transcluded from 1050.
By place
Europe
Hedeby in Jutland is sacked by King Harald Hardrada of Norway, during the course of a conflict with Sweyn II of Denmark.
King Anund Jacob dies after a 28-year reign. He is succeeded by his elder half-brother Emund the Old as king of Sweden.
Macbeth, King of Scotland, makes a pilgrimage to Rome.
Africa
Aoudaghost, an important Berber trading center and rival of Koumbi Saleh, is captured by the Ghana Empire.
By topic
Religion
King Edward the Confessor unites the English dioceses of Devon and Cornwall. He moves the see from Crediton to Exeter and gives the order to build a cathedral. Leofric becomes the first bishop of Exeter.
The brewery of Weltenburg Abbey (modern Germany) is first mentioned, thus making it one of the oldest still operating breweries in the world (approximate date).
1051
This section is transcluded from 1051.
By place
Continental Europe
Spring – William of Normandy consolidates his power in Normandy. He fights over the control of Maine (after the death of Count Hugh IV), and lays siege to the fortresses of Alençon and Domfront (Western France).
May 19 – King Henry I of France marries Anne of Kiev at the cathedral of Reims. William of Normandy marries Matilda of Flanders, daughter of Count Baldwin V, which Henry sees as a threat to his throne.
Summer – Drogo of Hauteville, count of Apulia and Calabria, meets Pope Leo IX in southern Italy – who has been sent by Emperor Henry III (the Black) to re-establish the "freedom of the Catholic Church". Drogo is forced to promise Pope Leo to stop the Normans from pillaging the Lombard countryside. On his way back (August 10), Drogo is assassinated near Bovino by a Byzantine conspiracy.
Autumn – Battle of Vértes: Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor invades the Kingdom of Hungary, and is utterly defeated by Andrew I of Hungary.
England
Eustace II, count of Boulogne, visits England and is received with honour at the court by King Edward the Confessor. In Dover a fight breaks out between the Norman visitors and the locals, resulting in the deaths of several people. Edward blames the people of Dover and orders Godwin, earl of Wessex, to deal with them. Godwin refuses to obey Edward's order, and in response Edward raises an army and forces the Godwin family into exile.
Edward the Confessor invites William of Normandy to England. It is at this point that it is thought that Edward promises the English throne to William in the event of his death.
Heregeld, commonly known as Danegeld, is abolished by Edward the Confessor. It has been collected for many years to provide funds for defending the country from Viking raiders.
By topic
Religion
Hilarion of Kiev (or Ilarion) becomes the first non-Greek metropolitan bishop of the Eastern Orthodox Church, in Kiev.
1052
This section is transcluded from 1052.
By place
England
Summer – Godwin, Earl of Wessex, sails with a large fleet up the Thames to London, forcing King Edward the Confessor to reinstate him into his previous position of power.
Africa
Battle of Haydaran: The Zirid dynasty is defeated by the invading Bedouin Arab tribes of the Banu Hilal.
By topic
Religion
Byōdō-in, a Japanese Buddhist temple (located in the Kyoto Prefecture), changes its name by order of Fujiwara no Yorimichi.
1053
This section is transcluded from 1053.
By place
Byzantine Empire
End of the Pecheneg Revolt: Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos makes peace with the Pechenegs. However, Pecheneg raids do not cease; they not only damage the economy by plundering, but Constantine is also forced to buy protection or peace from them by gifts, land grants, privileges and titles.
Europe
June 18 – Battle of Civitate: Norman horsemen (3,000 men), led by Humphrey of Hauteville, count of Apulia and Calabria, rout the combined forces under Pope Leo IX, in Southern Italy. The Normans destroy the allied Papal army and capture Leo, who is imprisoned (as a hostage for 8 months) in Benevento.
December – Conrad I, duke of Bavaria, is summoned to a Christmas court at Merseburg, and deposed by Emperor Henry III. He flees to King Andrew I in Hungary, and joins a coalition with the rebellious Welf III, duke of Carinthia. Henry's 4-year-old son Henry becomes the new duke of Bavaria.
England
April – Harold Godwinson succeeds his father Godwin as earl of Wessex. He invites the exiled Edward the Exile, son of Edmund II, to return in the hope that he can claim the English throne from King Edward the Confessor.
By topic
Religion
Jōchō sculpts Amida Buddha for the Byōdō-in Temple in Japan during the Heian period (approximate date).
1054
This section is transcluded from 1054.
By place
Byzantine Empire
Sultan Tughril leads a large Seljuk army out of Azerbaijan into Armenia, possibly to consolidate his frontier, while providing an incentive to his Turkoman allies in the form of plunder. Tughril divides his army into four columns, ordering three to veer off to the north to raid into central and northern Armenia, while he takes the fourth column towards Lake Van. The Seljuk Turks capture and sack the fortress city of Artchesh, after an 8-day siege.
Europe
Battle of Mortemer: The Normans, led by Duke William the Conqueror, defeat a French army (near Mortemer), as it is caught pillaging and plundering. King Henry I of France withdraws his main army from the Duchy of Normandy as a result. Guy I, Count of Ponthieu, is captured during the course of the battle.
Scotland
July 27 – Siward, earl of Northumbria, invades Scotland, to support King Malcolm III against Macbeth, who has usurped the Scottish throne from Malcolm's father, Duncan I. Macbeth is defeated at Dunsinane.
Africa
The Almoravids retake the trading center of Aoudaghost from the Ghana Empire. Repeated Almoravid incursions, aimed at seizing control of the trans-Saharan gold trade, disrupt Ghana's dominance of the trade routes.
Asia
Lý Nhật Tôn, third king of the Lý Dynasty, begins to rule in Vietnam, and changes the country's official name to Đại Việt.
By topic
Astronomy
July 4 (approx.) – SN 1054, a supernova, is first observed by the Chinese, Arabs and possibly Native Americans, near the star Zeta Tauri.[26] For 23 days it remains bright enough to be seen in daylight. Its remnants form the Crab Nebula (NGC 1952).
Religion
Spring – Pope Leo IX sends a legatine mission, under Cardinal Humbert of Silva Candida, to Constantinople, to negotiate with Patriarch Michael I Cerularius, in response to his actions concerning the church in Constantinople. Leo becomes the first pope directly to invoke the forged Donation of Constantine, citing a large portion in a letter to Michael, believing it genuine.
July 16 – East-West Schism: Humbert of Silva Candida, representative of the newly deceased Leo IX, breaks the relations between Western and Eastern Churches, through the act of placing an invalidly-issued Papal Bull of excommunication during the celebration of the Divine Liturgy.
1055
This section is transcluded from 1055.
By place
Byzantine Empire
January 11 – Emperor Constantine IX Monomachos dies after a 12½-year reign at Constantinople. He is succeeded by Theodora (a sister of the former Empress Zoë), who is proclaimed by the imperial guard (with strong opposition from the council) as empress of the Byzantine Empire.
Europe
King Ferdinand I of León ("the Great") begins his campaign against al-Andalus. He conquers Seia from the Christian allies of the Muslim taifas. In a drive to consolidate his southern border in Portugal he re-populates the city of Zamora with some of his Cantabrian (montañeses) subjects.
England
October 24 – Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia, is outlawed by the witan ("meeting of wise men"). In revenge he builds a force and allies himself with the Welsh king Gruffydd ap Llywelyn. After defeating Ralph the Timid (a nephew of King Edward the Confessor), they attack Hereford and raid the church – taking everything of value, leaving the building on fire. The rebels also attack Leominster.
Edward the Confessor gives Tostig Godwinson (upon the death of Earl Siward) the important position as earl of Northumbria and the difficult mission of bringing the northern state under control.
Arabian Empire
Winter – The Seljuk Turks led by Sultan Tughril capture Baghdad and enter the city in a Roman-styled triumph. Al-Malik al-Rahim, the last Buyid emir in Iraq, is taken prisoner.
By topic
Architecture
Construction on the Liaodi Pagoda in Hebei is completed (the tallest pagoda in Chinese history, standing at a height of 84 m (275 ft) tall).
Religion
King Andrew I of Hungary ("the Catholic") establishes the Benedictine Tihany Abbey. Its foundation charter is the earliest written record extant in the Hungarian language.
April 13 – Pope Victor II succeeds Leo IX as the 153rd pope of the Catholic Church in Rome (until 1057).
1056
This section is transcluded from 1056.
By place
Byzantine Empire
August 31 – Empress Theodora (a sister of the former Empress Zoë) dies after a 18-month reign, by a sudden illness at Constantinople. She is succeeded by Michael VI Bringas ("the Old"), who had served as military finance minister under the former Emperor Romanos III. Michael is appointed through the influence of Leo Paraspondylos, Theodora's most trusted adviser. This ends the Macedonian dynasty.
Theodosius, a nephew of the former Emperor Constantine IX, tries to usurp the Byzantine throne, and liberates all the prisoners who flock to his banner. With their support, he marches through the streets of Constantinople to the Palace. There, the Varangian Guard forms outside to stop him. Theodosius loses heart and heads for Hagia Sophia. Later he is captured, and exiled to Pergamon.
Europe
October 5 – Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor ("the Black") dies after a 10-year reign at Bodfeld, an imperial hunting lodge (Königspfalz) in the Harz Mountains. He is succeeded by his 5-year-old only son Henry IV as "king of the Germans" and enthroned by Pope Victor II (also a German) at Aachen – while his mother, Empress Agnes of Poitou, becomes co-regent.
Ottokar I, count of Steyr, becomes margrave of the Karantanian March (later known as Styria).
Britain
June 16 – In response to the attack on Hereford Cathedral in 1055, Leofgar the bishop of Hereford takes an army into Wales to deal with the Welsh prince Gruffydd ap Llywelyn. He along with a large number of English troops is killed in battle at Glasbury-on-Wye by the Welsh. Earl Harold Godwinson raises an army to take revenge, but comes to peaceful terms with Gruffydd.
Northern Africa
Battle of Tabfarilla in modern day Mauritania: The Almoravids are crushed by the Godala and their Emir.
Yahya ibn Umar al-Lamtuni falls.
By topic
Religion
The Pagoda of Fogong Temple at Shanxi in northern China is built during the Liao dynasty. Work begins on the Pizhi Pagoda of Lingyan Temple at Shandong under the opposing Song dynasty.
Dromtön, an Atiśa chief disciple, founds Reting Monastery in the Reting Tsangpo Valley (north of Lhasa) as the seat of Kadam lineage of Tibetan Buddhism.
The Muslims expel 300 Christians from Jerusalem, and European Christians are forbidden to enter the Church of the Holy Sepulcher.
1057
This section is transcluded from 1057.
By place
Byzantine Empire
June 8 – General Isaac Komnenos proclaims himself emperor in Paphlagonia (modern Turkey), and starts a civil war against Emperor Michael VI. He advances with a Byzantine expeditionary force towards Constantinople. At the same time, Michael sends an army against the rebels – western regiments and eastern ones (those from the Anatolic Theme and Charsianon) – to stop him.
August 20 – Battle of Hades: Rebel forces under Isaac Komnenos defeat the Byzantines on the plains of Hades (near Nicaea). General Katakalon Kekaumenos routs the imperial right flank, and reaches the enemy's camp. He destroys the tents and supplies, which leaves the way open to Constantinople.
September 1 – A riot in favor of Isaac Komnenos breaks out in Constantinople. Patriarch Michael I convinces Michael VI to abdicate the throne, and Isaac is crowned as emperor of the Byzantine Empire.
Europe
August 15 – Battle of Lumphanan: Macbeth, King of Scotland ("the Red King") is killed by Malcolm ("Canmore"). Macbeth is succeeded by his stepson Lulach, who is crowned (probably on September 8) as king of Scotland at Scone.
August – Battle of Varaville: Norman forces under William the Conqueror defeat a Franco-Angevin army at the mouth of the Dives. King Henry I of France on campaign in Normandy is forced to retreat his army.
King Ferdinand I of León ("the Great") takes the cities of Lamego and Viseu (modern Portugal) from Christian lords allied to the Muslim Taifa of Silves.
Africa
The Banu Hilal razes Kairouan (in modern Tunisia). The Zirid dynasty has to re-settle to Mahdia (approximate date).
Asia
King Anawrahta captures Thaton, the capital of the Thaton Kingdom, strengthening Theravada Buddhism in Burma.
By topic
Religion
July 28 – Pope Victor II dies after a 15-month pontificate at Arezzo. He is succeeded by Stephen IX as the 154th pope of the Catholic Church.
1058
This section is transcluded from 1058.
By place
Europe
March 17 – King Lulach ("the Unfortunate") of Scotland is killed in battle against his cousin and rival Malcolm III ("Canmore") who becomes king of the Scots.[40]
September 20 – Empress Agnes de Poitou and King Andrew I ("the White") of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border zone in Burgenland (modern Austria).
4-year-old Judith of Swabia, youngest daughter of the late Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor, is engaged to Prince Solomon of Hungary at Regensburg.
Norman conquest of southern Italy: Norman forces under Richard Drengot besiege and capture Capua. He takes the princely title from Prince Landulf VIII.
Bolesław II the Generous, eldest son of Casimir I the Restorer, succeeds his father after his death in Poznań and becomes duke of Poland.
Africa
The Almoravids conquer the Barghawata, a group of Berber tribes, who have established an independent state in modern-day Morocco.
By topic
Religion
Spring – Pope Stephen IX pronounces on the authenticity of the relics of Mary Magdalene at Vézelay Abbey in Burgundy, making it a major centre of pilgrimage.
March 29 – Stephen IX dies of a severe illness after a pontificate of 7 months at Florence. He is succeeded by Nicholas II who will be installed the following year.
November 6 – Byzantine Emperor Isaac I Komnenos deposes Michael I Cerularius, patriarch of Constantinople, and has him exiled to Prokonnessos (until 1059).
Ealdred, archbishop of York, becomes the first English bishop to make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
1059
This section is transcluded from 1059.
By place
Byzantine Empire
November 22 – Emperor Isaac I Komnenos falls ill on a hunt and retires to a monastery after a 2-year reign. He abdicates the Byzantine throne and appoints Constantine X, a Paphlagonian nobleman, as his successor.
Fall – The Magyars cross the Danube River, together with several Pecheneg tribes, but are halted by Byzantine forces (approximate date).
Europe
Peter Krešimir IV ("the Great") is crowned king of Croatia and Dalmatia. His coronation is recognised by the Byzantine Empire who confirm him as the supreme ruler of the Dalmatian cities, i.e. over the Theme of Dalmatia – excluding the theme of Ragusa and the Duchy of Durazzo.
August 23 – Robert Guiscard, count of Apulia and Calabria, signs the Treaty of Melfi with Pope Nicholas II. Nicholas recognises the Norman conquest of southern Italy, and accepts the titles of Guiscard as duke of Sicily.
Seljuk Empire
Alp Arslan succeeds his father Chaghri Beg as governor of Khorasan. He crosses with a Seljuk expeditionary force the upper Halys River and plunders the Theme of Sebasteia (modern Turkey).
By topic
Religion
January 24 – Pope Nicholas II succeeds Stephen IX as the 155th pope of the Catholic Church. He is installed in Rome in opposition to Antipope Benedict X – the brother of the late Pope Benedict IX (deposed in 1048).
April 13 – Nicholas II, with the agreement of the Lateran Council, issues the papal bull In nomine Domini, making the College of Cardinals the sole voters in the papal conclave for the election of popes.
Significant people
Godwin, Earl of Wessex
Al-Qa'im
Tughril
Births
1050
November 11 – Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1106)
Amadeus II, count of Savoy (approximate date)
Berthold II, duke of Swabia (approximate date)
Bertrand of Comminges, French bishop (d. 1126)
Frederick I, duke of Swabia (approximate date)
Leopold II ("the Fair"), margrave of Austria (d. 1095)
Lhachen Gyalpo, king of Ladakh (approximate date)
Liutold of Eppenstein, German nobleman (approximate date)[citation needed]
Li Tang, Chinese landscape painter (approximate date)
Lope Íñiguez, lord of Biscay (approximate date)
Michael VII Doukas, Byzantine emperor (approximate date)
Muhammad al-Baghdadi, Arab mathematician (d. 1141)
Muirchertach Ua Briain, king of Munster (approximate date)
Olaf I ("Hunger"), king of Denmark (approximate date)
Olaf III ("the Peaceful"), king of Norway (approximate date)
Osbern of Canterbury, English hagiographer (d. 1090)
Peter the Hermit, French priest (approximate date)
Sophia of Hungary, duchess of Saxony (approximate date)
Sviatopolk II, Grand Prince of Kiev (d. 1113)
Vidyakara, Indian Buddhist scholar (d. 1130)[citation needed]
1051
September 21 – Bertha of Savoy, Holy Roman Empress consort (d. 1087)
Cadwgan ap Bleddyn, Welsh prince of Powys (d. 1111)
Mi Fu, Chinese painter, poet and calligrapher (d. 1107)[75]
Approximate date – Robert Curthose, duke of Normandy (d. 1134)[76]
1052
May 23 – Philip I ("the Amorous"), king of France (d. 1108)
September/October – Conrad II ("the Child"), duke of Bavaria (d. 1055)
Agnes of Aquitaine, countess of Savoy (approximate date)
Dirk V, count of Friesland (west of the Vlie) (d. 1091)
Edgar Ætheling, uncrowned king of England (d. c. 1126) (approximate date)
Gleb Svyatoslavich, Kievan prince (approximate date)
Jón Ögmundsson, Icelandic bishop and saint (d. 1121)
Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, Norman nobleman (approximate date)
Roman Svyatoslavich, Kievan prince (approximate date)
1053
May 26 – Vladimir II, Grand Prince of Kiev (d. 1125)[77]
July 7 – Shirakawa, emperor of Japan (d. 1129)
Berenguer Ramon II, count of Barcelona (approximate date)
Guibert of Nogent, French historian and theologian (d. 1124) (approximate date)
Hugh of Châteauneuf, bishop of Grenoble (d. 1132)
Iorwerth ap Bleddyn, Welsh prince of Powys (d. 1111)
Maria of Alania, Byzantine empress consort (d. 1118)
Ramon Berenguer II, count of Barcelona (or 1054)
Solomon (or Salomon), king of Hungary (d. 1087)
Toba Sōjō, Japanese artist-monk (d. 1140)
1054
September 2 – Sukjong, ruler of Goryeo (d. 1105)
Al-Hariri of Basra, Abbasid poet and scholar (d. 1122)
Bohemond I of Antioch, Italo-Norman nobleman (approximate date)
George II (Giorgi), king of Georgia (approximate date)
Judith of Lens, niece of William the Conqueror (or 1055)
Judith of Swabia, queen consort of Hungary (d. 1105)
Langri Tangpa, Tibetan Buddhist master (d. 1123)
Ramon Berenguer II, Count of Barcelona (or 1053)
Tong Guan, Chinese general and adviser (d. 1126)
1055
August 16 – Malik-Shah I, sultan of the Seljuk Empire (d. 1092)
September 28 – Uicheon, Korean Buddhist monk (d. 1101)
Adelaide of Weimar-Orlamünde, German noblewoman (d. 1100)
Alger of Liège, French clergyman and priest (d. 1131)
Bertha of Holland, French queen consort (d. 1094)
Fujiwara no Akisue, Japanese nobleman (d. 1123)
Gilbert Crispin, Norman abbot and theologian (d. 1117)
Gruffudd ap Cynan, king of Gwynedd (approximate date)
Hildebert, French hagiographer and theologian (d. 1133)
Ida of Austria, German duchess and crusader (d. 1101)
Judith of Lens, niece of William the Conqueror (or 1054)
Machig Labdrön, Tibetan Buddhist teacher (d. 1149)
Minamoto no Shunrai, Japanese poet (d. 1129)
Terken Khatun, Seljuk empress (approximate date)
Vigrahapala III, ruler of the Pala Empire (d. 1070)
1056
July 24 – Al-Muqtadi, caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate (d. 1094)
Abdallah ibn Buluggin ("the Conqueror"), emir of Granada
Baldwin II of Mons, count of Hainaut (approximate date)
Ermengol IV, Count of Urgell (or Armengol), Spanish nobleman (d. 1092)
Fujiwara no Kiyohira, Japanese nobleman and samurai (d. 1128)
Hildegarde of Burgundy, French noblewoman (approximate date)
Nestor the Chronicler, Russian monk and historian (d. 1114) (approximate date)
Sæmundr fróði (Sæmundur Sigfússon), Icelandic priest and scholar (d. 1133)
Zhou Bangyan, Chinese bureaucrat and ci poet (d. 1121)
1057
Fujiwara no Kenshi, Japanese empress (d. 1084)
Fujiwara no Nakazane, Japanese nobleman (d. 1118)
Hugh, Count of Vermandois ("the Great"), French nobleman (d. 1101)
Hugh I, Duke of Burgundy, French nobleman (House of Burgundy) (d. 1093)
Ibn Tahir of Caesarea, Arab scholar and historian (d. 1113) (approximate date)
Rhygyfarch, Welsh bishop of St. David's (d. 1099)
William II (William Rufus), king of England (d. 1100) (approximate date)
1058
Al-Ghazali, Persian theologian and jurist (approximate date)
Ibn Bassam, Andalusian poet and historian (d. 1147)
Synadene, queen consort of Hungary (approximate date)
Theodora Anna Doukaina Selvo, Venetian dogaressa (d. 1083)
Wynebald de Ballon, Norman nobleman (approximate date)
1059
At-Turtushi, Andalusian political philosopher (d. 1126)
Fujiwara no Akinaka, Japanese nobleman (d. 1129)
Fulcher of Chartres, French priest and chronicler (approximate date)
Henry I, count of Limburg and Arlon (approximate date)
Ngok Loden Sherab, Tibetan Buddhist monk (d. 1109)
Raynald I, French nobleman and abbot (d. 1090)
Robert of Burgundy, bishop of Langres (d. 1111)
Deaths
1050
February 10 – Anna, Grand Princess of Kiev (b. 1001)
October 29 – Eadsige, archbishop of Canterbury
Alferius (or Alferio), Italian abbot and saint (b. 930)
Anund Jacob (or James), king of Sweden (b. 1008)
Casilda of Toledo, Spanish saint (approximate date)
Constantine Arianites, Byzantine general
Einar Thambarskelfir, Norwegian nobleman
Herleva, Norman noblewoman (approximate date)
Hugh of Langres, French bishop and theologian
Humphrey de Vieilles, Norman nobleman
Michael Dokeianos, Byzantine general
Suryavarman I, king of the Khmer Empire
Wifred II, count of Cerdanya and Berga
Zoë, empress of the Byzantine Empire
1051
January 22 – Ælfric Puttoc, archbishop of York
February 28 – Humfrid, archbishop of Magdeburg
March 14 – Gerard I, bishop of Cambrai
March 25 – Hugh IV, count of Maine
April 27 – Fulk Bertrand I, count of Provence
June 10/11 – Bardo, German abbot and archbishop
August 10 – Drogo of Hauteville, Norman nobleman, assassinated
November 7 – Rotho, bishop of Paderborn
Bernard, margrave of the Nordmark
Bi Sheng, Chinese artisan and inventor (b. 990)
Jordan of Laron, bishop of Limoges
Kálfr Árnason, Norwegian chieftain
Ralph de Gacé, Norman nobleman
1052
March 6 – Emma of Normandy, queen consort of England (twice), Denmark and Norway (b. 984)
May 6 – Boniface III, Italian prince and margrave (assassinated)
June 2/4 – assassinations
Guaimar IV of Salerno, Italian nobleman
Pandulf III of Salerno, Lombard prince
Pandulf of Capaccio, Lombard nobleman
June 19 – Fan Zhongyan, chancellor of the Song dynasty (b. 989)
October 4 – Vladimir Yaroslavich, Grand Prince of Kiev (b. 1020)
October 27 – Qirwash ibn al-Muqallad, Uqaylid emir
December 14 – Aaron Scotus, Irish abbot and musician
Amadeus I, count of Savoy (approximate date)
Halinard, French archbishop (approximate date)
Hugh II, count of Ponthieu (also lord of Abbeville)
Rodulf, Norman missionary bishop and abbot
Sweyn Godwinson (or Swein), English nobleman
Xu Daoning, Chinese painter (approximate date)
Xuedou Chongxian, Chinese Buddhist monk
1053
by January 5 – Rhys ap Rhydderch, Welsh co-ruler of Morgannwg, killed
March 25 – Procopius of Sázava, Czech hermit
April 15 – Godwin of Wessex, English nobleman
October 25 – Enguerrand II, count of Ponthieu
November 7 – Lazaros, Byzantine monk and stylite
Abu'l-Fath an-Nasir ad-Dailami, imam of Yemen, killed
Chananel ben Chushiel, Tunisian Jewish rabbi (b. 990)
Cormac O'Ruadrach, Irish priest and archdeacon
Liu Yong, Chinese poet of the Song dynasty (b. 987)
Murchadh Ua Beolláin, Irish priest and archdeacon
Wulfsige (or Wulsy), English bishop of Lichfield
1054
February 20 – Yaroslav the Wise, Kievan Rus' grand prince (b. c.978)
March 8 – Azelin (Azellinus), bishop of Hildesheim
April 19 – Pope Leo IX, German pontiff of the Catholic Church (b. 1002)
July 19 – Bernold (Bernulf), bishop of Utrecht
August 25 – Fujiwara no Michimasa, Japanese nobleman (b. 992)
August 31 – Kunigunde of Altdorf, German noblewoman (b. c.1020)
September 1 – Fortún Sánchez, Navarrese nobleman (b. c.992)
September 15 – García Sánchez III, king of Pamplona (b. c.1012)
September 24 – Hermann of Reichenau, German music theorist (b. 1013)
Abu Sahl Zawzani, Persian statesman and chief secretary
Atiśa, Tibetan Buddhist leader and master (b. c.980)
Cacht ingen Ragnaill, queen consort of Munster
Nuño Álvarez de Carazo, Castilian nobleman
Osbern Pentecost, Norman knight and nobleman
Osgod Clapa (Osgot), Anglo-Saxon nobleman
1055
January 10 – Bretislav I, duke of Bohemia
January 11 – Constantine IX, Byzantine emperor
April 10 – Conrad II, duke of Bavaria (b. 1052)
May 26 – Adalbert, margrave of Austria
August 28 – Xing Zong, Chinese emperor (b. 1016)
November 13 – Welf III, duke of Carinthia
December 5 – Conrad I, duke of Bavaria
A Nong, Chinese shamaness, matriarch and warrior
Benedict I, Hungarian politician and archbishop
Boniface IV Frederick, margrave of Tuscany
Gruffydd ap Rhydderch, king of Deheubarth
Mauger (or Malger), archbishop of Rouen
Nong Zhigao, Vietnamese chieftain of Nong
Rinchen Zangpo, Tibetan Buddhist monk (b. 958)
Siward (or Sigurd), earl of Northumbria
Theodore Aaronios, Byzantine governor
Yan Shu, Chinese statesman and poet (b. 991)
1056
February 10 – Æthelstan, English bishop of Hereford
February 11 – Herman II (or Heriman), archbishop of Cologne
June 16 – Leofgar (or Leovegard), English bishop of Hereford, killed in battle
August 31
Odda of Deerhurst, English nobleman
Theodora, empress regnant of the Byzantine Empire[112]
September 10 – William, margrave of the Nordmark
October 5 – Henry III ("the Black"), Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1017)[113]
November 25 – Flann Mainistreach, Irish poet and historian
Áed Ua Forréid, bishop of Armagh (Church of Ireland)
Anselm of Liège, French chronicler (approximate date)
Benedict IX, pope of the Catholic Church (approximate date)
Ekkehard IV, Swiss monk and chronicler (approximate date)
Hilal al-Sabi', Buyid historian, bureaucrat and writer
Leo of Ohrid, Byzantine archbishop and theologian
Yahya ibn Umar al-Lamtuni, Almoravid chieftain
1057
March 1 – Ermesinde, countess and regent of Barcelona
April 19 – Edward the Exile, son of Edmund II (Ironside)
June 1 – Íñigo of Oña, Spanish Benedictine abbot
June 26 – Otto, margrave of the Nordmark
July 28 – Victor II, pope of the Catholic Church
August 15 – Macbeth, king of Scotland (b. before 1040)[114]
August 28 – Abe no Yoritoki, Japanese samurai
August 31 – Michael VI, Byzantine emperor
September 28 – Otto III, duke of Swabia
November 7 – Lothair Udo I, German nobleman (b. 994)
Abul 'Ala Al-Ma'arri, Arabian philosopher (b. 973)
Ala al-Din Abu'l-Ghana'im Sa'd, Buyid vizier
Bruno II, margrave of Friesland (b. 1024)
Di Qing, Chinese general (b. 1008)
Heca (or Hecca), bishop of Selsey
Humphrey of Hauteville, Norman nobleman
Jōchō Busshi, Japanese sculptor
Leofric, English earl and peerage
Ostromir, Russian statesman (approximate date)
Otto I (or Odon), Italian nobleman (approximate date)
Pandulf VI (or Pandulf V), Italian nobleman
Ralph the Timid, Norman nobleman
Reginald I, French nobleman (b. 986)
William fitz Giroie, Norman nobleman
1058
March 1 – Ermesinde, countess and regent of Barcelona
March 17 – Lulach ("the Unfortunate"), king of Scotland[40]
March 29 – Stephen IX, pope of the Catholic Church
August 2 – Judith of Schweinfurt, duchess of Bohemia
November 28 – Casimir I the Restorer, duke of Poland (b. 1016)
Abdollah ibn Bukhtishu, Syrian physician (b. 980)
Abu Muhammad al-Yazuri, vizier of the Fatimid Caliphate
Ælfwold II, bishop of Sherborne (approximate date)
Al-Mawardi, Abbasid jurist and diplomat (b. 972)
Boite mac Cináeda (or Bodhe), Scottish prince
Centule IV Gaston ("the Old"), viscount of Béarn
Egbert of Fulda, German Benedictine abbot
Fakhruddin As'ad Gurgani, Persian poet and writer
Flaithem Mac Mael Gaimrid, Irish poet and Chief Ollam
Grigor Magistros, Armenian prince and governor
Ilduara Mendes, countess and regent of Portugal
Theophanu, abbess of Essen and Gerresheim
William VII ("the Bold"), duke of Aquitaine (b. 1023)
1059
January 21 – Michael I Cerularius, Byzantine patriarch
April 4 – Farrukh-Zad, Ghaznavid sultan (b. 1025)
June 29 – Bernard II, German nobleman
July 7 – Abdallah ibn Yasin, Almoravid ruler
August 14 – Giselbert, count of Luxembourg
Cathal mac Tigernán, Irish king of Iar Connacht
Eilika of Schweinfurt, German noblewoman (after December 10)
Michael VI Bringas, Byzantine emperor
Peter Orseolo ("the Venetian"), king of Hungary (possible date)
Vyacheslav Yaroslavich, prince of Smolensk