Nationality Norwegian Role Mathematician Name Oystein Ore | Doctoral advisor Thoralf Skolem Fields Mathematician | |
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Born 7 October 1899
Oslo, Norway ( 1899-10-07 ) Institutions Oslo University
Yale University Alma mater University of Kristiania Doctoral students Marshall Hall, Jr.
Grace Hopper Died August 13, 1968, Oslo, Norway Residence Norway, United States of America Awards Guggenheim Fellowship for Natural Sciences, US & Canada Books Number Theory and Its History, Graphs and Their Uses, Invitation to Number Theory, Niels Henrik Abel: Mat, The four‑color problem Similar People Isaak Yaglom, Thoralf Skolem, Marshall Hall, Robin Wilson | ||
Education University of Oslo (1924) | ||
Øystein Ore (7 October 1899 – 13 August 1968) was a Norwegian mathematician.
Contents
Life
Ore graduated from the University of Oslo in 1922, with a Cand.Scient. degree in mathematics. In 1924, the University of Oslo awarded him the Ph.D. for a thesis titled Zur Theorie der algebraischen Körper, supervised by Thoralf Skolem. Ore also studied at Göttingen University, where he learned Emmy Noether's new approach to abstract algebra. He was also a fellow at the Mittag-Leffler Institute in Sweden, and spent some time at the University of Paris. In 1925, he was appointed research assistant at the University of Oslo.
Yale University’s James Pierpont went to Europe in 1926 to recruit research mathematicians. In 1927, Yale hired Ore as an assistant professor of mathematics, promoted him to associate professor in 1928, then to full professor in 1929. In 1931, he became a Sterling Professor (Yale's highest academic rank), a position he held until he retired in 1968.
Ore was an American Mathematical Society Colloquium Lecturer in 1941 and plenary speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1936 in Oslo. He was also elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Oslo Academy of Science. He was a founder of the Econometric Society.
Ore visited Norway nearly every summer. During World War II, he was active in the "American Relief for Norway" and "Free Norway" movements. In gratitude for the services rendered to his native country during the war, he was decorated in 1947 with the Order of St. Olav.
In 1930, Ore married Gudrun Lundevall. They had two children. Ore had a passion for painting and sculpture, collected ancient maps, and spoke several languages.
Work
Ore is known for his work in ring theory, Galois connections, and most of all, graph theory. His early work was on algebraic number fields, how to decompose the ideal generated by a prime number into prime ideals. He then worked on noncommutative rings, proving his celebrated theorem on embedding a domain into a division ring. He then examined polynomial rings over skew fields, and attempted to extend his work on factorisation to non-commutative rings.
As a teacher, he is notable for teaching mathematics to two doctoral students who would make contributions to science and mathematics, Grace Hopper, who would eventually become a United States rear admiral and computer scientist, who was a pioneer in the development of the first computers, and Marshall Hall, Jr., an American mathematician who did important research in group theory and combinatorics.
In 1930 the Collected Works of Richard Dedekind were published in three volumes, jointly edited by Ore and Emmy Noether. He then turned his attention to lattice theory becoming, together with Garrett Birkhoff, one of the two founders of American expertise in the subject. Ore's early work on lattice theory led him to the study of equivalence and closure relations, Galois connections, and finally to graph theory, which occupied him to the end of his life.
Ore had a lively interest in the history of mathematics, and was an unusually able author of books for laypeople, such as his biographies of Cardano and Niels Henrik Abel.