Name Zhu Yigui | Died 1722 | |
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Zhu Yigui (Chinese: 朱一貴; pinyin: Zhū Yīguì; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chu It-kùi; 1689/90–1721) was the leader of a Taiwanese uprising against Qing dynasty rule in mid-1721.
He came from a peasant family of Zhangzhou Fujianese ancestry, he lived in the village of Lohanmen located in the area of modern-day Kaohsiung, there he worked raising ducks and was a respected member of the local community. In 1721 an earthquake wrought havoc to Lohanmen, even more the prefect of the island, Wang Zhen (prefect), not only kept collecting heavy taxes even among the impoverished people who lost their possessions with the earthquake.
Zhu was one of those who rose in rebellion and his good reputation among the locals gave him enough followers so that on 19 April he attacked and captured the city of Kua-chin-na (Chinese: 竿津林/竿蓁林/菅蓁林; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Koaⁿ-chin-nâ; modern-day Gangshan). Other rebel leaders acted on the island so that the Qing authorities were heavily pressured. Hakka, Hoklo and Taiwanese aborigines rallied in revolt against the Manchu authorities.
Zhu and Du Junying (another rebel commander and leader of the Hakka forces) combined their forces and launched an attack on the seat of Tainan Prefecture, the administrative capital of the island, which felled almost without a fight. The Qing authorities retreated to Penghu. The rebel army continued its movement on the western coastal plains. On 1 May, Zhu took the title of Zhongxing Wang (中興王; Reviving King) and the name Yong He (永和; Enduring Peace), he also established an administration reminiscent of the Ming dynasty.
His power started to weaken after disputes with Du Junying, disastrously this occurred at the same time that the Manchu government, organized an expedition against the rebels. The Imperial forces commanded by Shi Shipiao (d. 1721 at the age of 55 sui) and Lan Tingzhen (1664–1730), landed on 16 June and on 28 June Zhu was captured and executed.