Wertheim is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Abraham Carel Wertheim (1832-1897), Dutch banker and philanthropistDick Wertheim (died 1983), American tennis linesmanEric Wertheim (born 1973), American naval expert, columnist and authorErnst Wertheim (1864-1920), Austrian gynecologistGeorg Wertheim (1857–1939), German merchantGéza Wertheim (1910-after 1957), Luxembourgian tennis player and bobsledderGuillame Wertheim, see Wiedemann effectHerbert Wertheim, American inventor, scientist, educator and clinicianJohn Wertheim (born 1968), American lawyer and politicianJuliusz Wertheim (1880-1928), Polish pianist, conductor and composerL. Jon Wertheim (born 1970), American sports journalist and authorLucy Wertheim (1883–1971), English art dealerMargaret Wertheim (born 1958), Australian international science writer and commentatorMaurice Wertheim (1886–1950), American investment banker, chess player, and philanthropistMicha Wertheim (born 1972), Dutch stand-up comedian and satiristPierre Wertheim (1888-1971), French World War I flying aceRosy Wertheim (1888-1949), Dutch pianist, music educator and composerTheodor Wertheim (1820-1864), Austrian chemist