Voelker is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Bobby Voelker (born 1979), American mixed martial artistChristopher Voelker (born 1961), American photographerDavid Voelker (1953–2013), American entrepreneur and philanthropistFrank Voelker, Jr. (1921–2002), American lawyer and politicianFrank Voelker, Sr. (1892–1963), American judgeElke Voelker (born 1968), German organist and musicologistHeidi Voelker (born 1968), American alpine skierJohn D. Voelker (1903–1991), American writer