Vilhelm is a masculine given name, the Scandinavian form of William. Notable people with the name include:
Vilhelm Bjerknes (1862–1951), Norwegian physicist, founder of modern meteorology
Vilhelm Buhl (1881–1954), Prime Minister of Denmark in 1942 and again in 1945
Vilhelm Carlberg (1880–1970), Swedish Olympic champion shooter
Vilhelm Dahlerup (1826–1907), Danish architect
Vilhelm Hammershøi (1864–1916), Danish painter
Vilhelm Moberg (1898–1973), Swedish author, playwright and historian
Johannes Vilhelm Jensen (1873–1950), Danish writer, Nobel Prize laureate
Vilhelm Thomsen (1842–1927), Danish linguist and Turkologist
Vilhelm Wolfhagen (1889–1958), Danish amateur football player