Nationality Russian Occupation Historian | Name Vasily Bartold Role Historian | |
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Born 3 November 1869 ( 1869-11-03 ) Saint Petersburg Died August 19, 1930, Saint Petersburg, Russia Education Saint Petersburg State University Books Turkestan Down to the Mongol Invasion, An Historical Geography of Iran, Mussulman Culture, Gografja-je tarichi-je Iran | ||
Vasily Vladimirovich Bartold (Russian: Васи́лий Влади́мирович Барто́льд, Polish: Wasilij Władimirowicz Bartołd, German: Wilhelm Barthold, also known as Wilhelm Barthold; 15 November [O.S. 3 November] 1869 – 19 August 1930) was a Russian and Soviet historian of German descent who specialized in the history of Islam and the Turkic peoples (Turkology).
Bartold's lectures at the University of Saint Petersburg were annually interrupted by extended field trips to Muslim countries. In the two volumes of his dissertation (Turkestan down to the Mongol Invasion, 1898-1900), he pointed out the many benefits the Muslim world derived from Mongol rule after the initial conquests. Bartold was the first to publish obscure information from the early Arab historians on Kievan Rus'. He also edited several scholarly journals of Muslim studies, and contributed extensively to the first edition of the Encyclopaedia of Islam. In 1913, he was elected to the Russian Academy of Sciences. In February 1917 he was appointed to the Commission for the Study of the Tribal Composition of the Population of the Borderlands of Russia.
After the Russian Revolution, Bartold was appointed director of the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, a post he held from 1918 to 1921. He wrote three authoritative monographs on the history of Islam, namely Islam (1918), Muslim Culture (1918) and The Muslim World (1922). He also contributed to the development of Cyrillic writing for the Muslim countries of Central Asia.
Most of his writings were translated in English, Arabic, and Persian. Bartold's collected works were reprinted in 9 volumes between 1963 and 1977, and whilst Soviet editors added footnotes deploring his 'bourgeois' attitudes, his prestige was such that the text was left uncensored, despite not conforming to a Marxist interpretation of history. Some of his works have been reprinted more recently in Moscow.