The 1902 United States elections elected the 58th United States Congress, and occurred in the middle of Republican President Theodore Roosevelt's first term, during the Fourth Party System. Roosevelt had become president on September 14, 1901, upon the death of his predecessor, William McKinley. Republicans retained a majority in both chambers of Congress, while the Populist Party and Silver Republican Party disappeared from Congress.
Reapportionment added twenty nine seats to the House. Democrats picked up several seats in the newly enlarged House, while Republicans made lesser gains. Republicans continued to control the chamber with a slightly diminished majority.
In the Senate, Republicans and Democrats each picked up one seat, while the Populist Party lost both its seats. Republicans maintained a commanding majority in the chamber.