Umar at Fatimah's house refers to the controversial event where Umar came to the house of Fatimah, the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, in order to get the allegiance of Ali and his followers or burn her house down. This event, according to Shias, is said to be the cause of Fatimah's miscarriage of Muhsin ibn Ali and eventual death.
Contents
Background
According to the sources, following the death of Muhammad, Abu Bakr and Umar attempted to gain the shura (consensus) of the community that Abu Bakr should become the caliph (leader) over the Islamic ummah (community). According to Shi'a sources, as Ali attended the funeral of Muhammad, Abu Bakr and Umar attained the consensus of the community. As Ali was burying Muhammad, he learned that Abu Bakr had attained communal consensus. Fatimah, Ali, and their supporters maintained that Ali should be the leader over the Islamic community because of Muhammad's statement at Ghadir Khumm.
Event
After Abu Bakr became caliph, he sent for Ali to demand his allegiance. At the time, Ali and his supporters had gathered in Fatimah's house. There are multiple versions of what happened, ranging from Umar threatening to burn down the place if Ali refused to comply, to storming the house during which Fatimah miscarried Muhsin.
Tabari adds that Zubayr came out of the house with his sword drawn, but stumbled and was overpowered by Umar's men. Veccia Vaglieri says that it was Ali who came to Umar with his sword drawn and was subsequently disarmed, after which Fatima cried and threatened to uncover her hair so that Abu Bakr preferred to withdraw.
Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari cites Abu Bakr on his deathbed saying that he wished he had never opened Fatima's house to anything, even though they had locked it as a gesture of defiance, implying that her house may have been broken into forced open.
Shia view
The Shia unanimously believe that Fatima was killed as a result of injuries during the incident Fatima's house And led to fracture his side and abortion. Fatima died between 75 and 95 days after the death of Muhammad.Jafar Shahidi confirmed the burning house event. According to the majority os Muslim Historians, Including the likes of Sunni Tabari and the Shite Morteza Motahhari, Fatima asked Ali ibn Abi Talib that she was buried at night because none of her enemies should participate in her funeral. Additionally, According to Muhammad al-Bukhari when Fatima died his husband Ali ibn Abi talib buried him at night. without Abu Bakr haing any knowledge of it/ Many famous authors Shia believe that the death happened due to the physical clashes or Abortion in Fatima's house event . Such as Ibn Babawayh The deceased in 381]], Shaykh Tusi, Al-Hilli . Al-Juwayni Sunni jurists says (Fara'id al-Simtayn book):in this narrative , Mohammad says about fatima's traits and tells about her future where in they (Abu Bakr and Umar) will enter his house With the contempt and they will disrespect her .Her Inheritance would be seized. Her ribs will get broken and Her fetus will be aborted.Ibn Qulawayh quotes the narrative of Ja'far al-Sadiq in Kamil al-Ziyarat where in Gabriel inform to Mohammad about the future of his family.in narrative say : Fatima would be beaten while she is pregnant and Her fetus will get aborted and she will die because of the injuries.
Sunni Reports that support the Shia view
Sunni historians say,
When Umar came to the door of the House of Fatima, He said: By Allah, I shall burn down the house over you unless you come out and give the oath of allegiance to Abu Bakr. At this point, Fatima apprached Umar and said, O Umar, would you dare? Do you wish to set my house on fire? Umar said: Yes, Unless you give Bayya to Abu Bakr, and enter into that which the majority of the Ummah have agreed to.History of Tabari, Volume 1, Page 1118-1120 History of Ibn Athir, Volume 2, Page 325 Tareek Abul Fida, Page 235
Furthermore, it is reported: On the day of pledging allegiance to Abu Bakr, Umar hit the stomach of Fatima until she miscarried Muahassan.