Ulmer is a German surname meaning "from Ulm". Notable people with the surname include:
Christian Ulmer (born 1984), German ski jumperEdgar G. Ulmer (1904–1972), Austrian-American film directorFran Ulmer (born 1947), first woman elected as Lieutenant Governor of the state of AlaskaGregory Ulmer (born 1944), professor of English and of Electronic Languages and CybermediaJames Ulmer (born 1942), American jazz and blues guitarist and singerJames Ulmer (journalist), entertainment journalistJason Ulmer (born 1978), Canadian ice hockey playerJeff Ulmer (born 1977), Canadian ice hockey playerJeffery Ulmer (born 1966), American sociologistLayne Ulmer (born 1980), Canadian ice hockey playerLaMonte Ulmer (born 1986), American basketball playerSarah Ulmer (born 1976), New Zealand cyclist and 2004 Summer Olympic championThomas Ulmer (born 1956), German politician and Member of the European Parliament for Baden-WürttembergWalter F. Ulmer (born 1929), American retired lieutenant general