Nanotechnology is manipulating and making materials and artifacts at an atomic or molecular scale, that is, nanometric. It is a massive field of research and applications still in consolidation.
Nanotechnology involves subatomic matter and the specific knowledge of scientific disciplines such as organic chemistry, molecular biology, semiconductors, microfabrication, and surface science, among others.
Simply put, nanotechnology is based on the idea of building microscopic machines that produce novel materials with a unique and particular molecular configuration.
History of Nanotechnology
In 1959, the possibility of nanotechnology and nanoscience was first discussed. The first to rise to it was the Nobel Prize in Physics (1965). The American Richard Feynman (1918-1988), during his speech at Caltech (California, USA), in which he spoke of the synthesis by direct manipulation of theorized atoms.
However, the word “nanotechnology” was coined in 1974 by the Japanese Norio Taniguchi (1912-1999). Since then, many have visualized or theorized about the possibility of these types of advanced machines and materials.
What is Nanotechnology for?
In basic terms, nanotechnology is materials engineering at the atomic or molecular scale. It means that it allows matter to be manipulated on an infinitesimally small scale. Between 1 and 100 nanometers, that is, more or less between the size of a DNA molecule (2 nm) and a bacterium of the Mycoplasma genus (200 nm).
Therefore, the uses of nanotechnology are virtually infinite from intervening in the chemical composition of living beings, thus allowing the DNA of microscopic living beings to be modified and “programmed” to carry out specific biochemical tasks, to the manufacture of novel materials. and unique properties, called nanomaterials.
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