Tianyuan man (Chinese: 田園洞人, 田园洞人, Tiányuándòng Rén) are the remains of one of the earliest modern humans to inhabit eastern Asia. In 2007, researchers found 34 bone fragments belonging to a single individual at the Tianyuan Cave near Beijing, China. Radiocarbon dating shows the bones to be between 42,000 and 39,000 years old, which may be slightly younger than the only other finds of bones of a similar age at the Niah Caves in Sarawak on Borneo.
Isotope analysis suggests that a substantial part of the diet of these individuals came from freshwater fish.
DNA tests published in 2013 revealed that Tianyuan man is related "to many present-day Asians and Native Americans". He had also clearly diverged genetically from the ancestors of modern Europeans. He belonged to mitochondrial DNA haplogroup B.