 | ||
Telophase (from the Greek τέλος (télos), "end" and φάσις (phásis), "stage") is the final stage in both meiosis and mitosis in a eukaryotic cell.
During telophase, the effects of prophase and prometaphase (the nuclear membrane and nucleolus disintegrating) are reversed. Two daughter nuclei form in each daughter cell, and phosphatases de-phosphorylate the nuclear lamins at the ends of the cell, forming nuclear envelopes around each nucleus from components of the parent cell's nuclear envelope. Two theories as to how this happens are:
The chromosomes reach the poles as the nuclear membranes re-form around each set of chromatids, the nucleoli also reappear. The remaining spindle microtubules begin to depolymerize. The chromosomes also unwind back into the expanded chromatin that is present during interphase. Telophase accounts for approximately 2% of the cell cycle's duration.
Cytokinesis typically begins before late telophase.
In land plant cells, vesicles derived from the Golgi apparatus move to the middle of the cell along a microtubule scaffold called the phragmoplast. This structure directs packets of cell wall materials which coalesce into a disk-shaped structure called a cell plate. The cell plate grows out centrifugally and eventually develops into a proper cell wall, separating the two nuclei.