Taussig or Tausig is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Carl Tausig (1841–1871), Polish musician
Edward D. Taussig (1847—1921), American Rear Admiral
Frank William Taussig (1859–1940), American economist
Franziska Tausig (1895–1989), Austrian author
Helen Brooke Taussig (1898–1986), American cardiologist, daughter of Frank Taussig
Isaac William Taussig, (19th century), mayor of Jersey City, New Jersey
Joseph Taussig (1877–1947), American Vice Admiral, son of Edward Taussig
Michael Taussig (born 1940), American anthropologist
Otto Tausig (1922–2011), Austrian writer, director and actor
Peter Elyakim Taussig (born 1944), Israeli pianist
Walter Taussig (1908–2003), American conductor
William Taussig (1826-1913), St. Louis physician and businessperson, father of F. W. Taussig