The city of Tarsus was a Syrian Orthodox archdiocese, attested between the seventh and thirteenth centuries. Nearly twenty Syrian Orthodox metropolitans of Tarsus are mentioned either by Michael the Syrian or in other Syrian Orthodox narrative sources. The archdiocese is last mentioned towards the end of the thirteenth century, and seems to have lapsed during the fourteenth century.
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Location
Tarsus, famed in Christian tradition as the birthplace of Saint Paul, was the metropolis of the Chalcedonian ecclesiastical province of Cilicia Prima. It was an obvious site for a Syrian Orthodox diocese, and may have been the seat of a Syrian Orthodox bishop or metropolitan as early as the sixth century.
Metropolitans of Tarsus
The earliest-known Syrian Orthodox metropolitan of Tarsus was Yohannan bar ʿEbrayta ('son of the Jew'), who consecrated the patriarch Severus bar Mashqe in 668.
Sixteen Syrian Orthodox metropolitans of Tarsus from the end of the eighth century to the end of the twelfth century are mentioned in the lists of Michael the Syrian.
Further details for this period are provided in Michael’s narrative and in other Syrian Orthodox narrative sources. The metropolitan Habib of Tarsus (793/817) consecrated the patriarch Yohannan III in 847. The metropolitan Athanasius of Tarsus (896/909) consecrated the patriarch Yohannan V in 936. The metropolitan Athanasius of Tarsus, consecrated in the reign of the patriarch Dionysius IV Heheh (1032–42), is apparently mentioned by Michael the Syrian, though he does not feature in Michael’s lists. The metropolitan Basil of Tarsus (1042/57) was the secretary of the patriarch Yohannan bar ʿAbdon.
The archdiocese of Tarsus evidently continued to flourish into the thirteenth century, though there are only two brief references to its metropolitans. The metropolitan Athanasius of Tarsus was present at a synod held in 1264. The metropolitan Yohannan of Tarsus, 'from the monastery of Mar Hnanya', was among the fifteen bishops consecrated by the patriarch Philoxenus Nemrud (1283–92).
The archdiocese of Tarsus is not mentioned in any later source, and probably lapsed during the fourteenth century.