Tabuchi (written: 田淵 or 田渕) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Kazuhiko Tabuchi (田淵 和彦) (born 1936), Japanese fencer
Kaneyoshi Tabuchi (田渕 銀芳) (1917–1997), Japanese photographer
Kōichi Tabuchi (田淵 幸一) (born 1946), Japanese baseball player and manager
Ryuji Tabuchi (田渕 龍二) (born 1973), Japanese footballer
Shoji Tabuchi (born 1944), Japanese country musician and singer
Susumu Tabuchi (田渕 晋) (born 1980), Japanese swimmer
Yukio Tabuchi (田淵 行男) (1905–1989), Japanese photographer