Sultanov (Russian: Султанов) is a masculine surname common in southern parts of the former Soviet Union, its feminine counterpart is Sultanova. It may refer to:
Afag Sultanova (born 1987), Azerbaijani Paralympic judokaAgabey Sultanov (1938–2007), Azerbaijani psychiatrist, scholar and public activistAlexei Sultanov (1969–2005), Russian-American classical pianist of Uzbek originAyna Sultanova (1895–1938), Azerbaijani Communist party activist and statespersonBakhyt Sultanov (born 1971), Kazakhstani politicianCeyhun Sultanov (born 1979), Azerbaijani football playerElman Sultanov (born 1974), Azerbaijani football playerFiriya Sultanova (born 1961), Russian long-distance runnerJeyhun Sultanov (born 1979), Azerbaijani footballerKhosrov bey Sultanov (1879–1947), Azerbaijani politician and generalRain Sultanov (born 1965), Azerbaijani jazz musicianSanzhar Sultanov (born 1988), Kazakhstani film directorShahin Sultanov, Azerbaijani admiralUlduz Sultanov (born 1974), Azerbaijani judoka