Sultanov (Russian: Султанов) is a masculine surname common in southern parts of the former Soviet Union, its feminine counterpart is Sultanova. It may refer to:
Afag Sultanova (born 1987), Azerbaijani Paralympic judoka
Agabey Sultanov (1938–2007), Azerbaijani psychiatrist, scholar and public activist
Alexei Sultanov (1969–2005), Russian-American classical pianist of Uzbek origin
Ayna Sultanova (1895–1938), Azerbaijani Communist party activist and statesperson
Bakhyt Sultanov (born 1971), Kazakhstani politician
Ceyhun Sultanov (born 1979), Azerbaijani football player
Elman Sultanov (born 1974), Azerbaijani football player
Firiya Sultanova (born 1961), Russian long-distance runner
Jeyhun Sultanov (born 1979), Azerbaijani footballer
Khosrov bey Sultanov (1879–1947), Azerbaijani politician and general
Rain Sultanov (born 1965), Azerbaijani jazz musician
Sanzhar Sultanov (born 1988), Kazakhstani film director
Shahin Sultanov, Azerbaijani admiral
Ulduz Sultanov (born 1974), Azerbaijani judoka
