Sugar acid

Updated on Nov 19, 2023

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Sugar acids are monosaccharides with a carboxyl group.

Main classes of sugar acids include:

Aldonic acids, in which the aldehyde functional group of an aldose is oxidized

Ulosonic acids, in which the first hydroxyl group of a 2-ketose is oxidised creating an α-ketoacid.

Uronic acids, in which the terminal hydroxyl group of an aldose or ketose is oxidized

Aldaric acids, in which both ends of an aldose are oxidized

Examples

Examples of sugar acids include:

Aldonic acids

Glyceric acid (3C)

Xylonic acid (5C)

Gluconic acid (6C)

Ascorbic acid (6C, unsaturated lactone)

Ulosonic acids

Neuraminic acid (5-amino-3,5-dideoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-non-2-ulosonic acid)

Ketodeoxyoctulosonic acid (KDO or 3-deoxy-D-manno-oct-2-ulosonic acid)

Uronic acids

Glucuronic acid (6C)

Galacturonic acid (6C)

Iduronic acid (6C)

Aldaric acids

Tartaric acid (4C)

meso-Galactaric acid (Mucic acid) (6C)

D-Glucaric acid (Saccharic acid) (6C)

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