St.Joseph's Church, Aloor

History

Aloor is a village 25 km towards north east of Muziris (Kodungallur)-the cradle of Christianity in India- where Saint Thomas the apostle arrived in Malabar in AD 52 for evangelisation.The Christian community existed in Aloor from the very ancient period, who were depending on the churches at Ambazhakkad(300 AD),Chalakudy(600 AD) and Velayanad (900 AD)for their liturgical needs. In 1790, The churches at Ambazhakkad, Velayanad and Thazhekad were ravaged and many laymen were martyred for faith during the invasion of Tippu Sultan's army to the kingdoms of Cochin and Travancore.The need for a new church was aroused in the region due to the loss of their ancient churches and influx of laity from surrounding regions .The Syrian Catholic community was forced to depend on the Vicariate of Verapoly during this period after the suppression of the Syrian Padruado Archdiocese of Crangannore (1838). They paid little attention to request made by the people for the sanctioning of a new church here.

1858 - 1868 AD: struggle for liturgy and hierarchy

The pleas of the Syrian Catholic community for their church at Aloor were denied during the period of the bishops Ludovico Nartini (1839- 1859) and Bernardino Baccinelli (1859 - 1868) of Vicariate of Verapoly. The community leaders also made repeated pleas to both the Pope and the Chaldean Syrian Catholic Patriarch of Babylonia, who had the jurisdiction over the Catholics Syrians in India until 1865,for their own bishop and liturgy.In response these pleas,Patriarch Joseph VI Audo (the Chaldean Catholic Patriarch of Babylonia) sent a request to Pope Pius IX for the Catholic Syrians in Malabar to be placed under his authority. He dispatched Mar Thomas Rokos, bishop of Basra(1861)and Mar Elias Mellus, Bishop of 'Aqra (1874), to visit the Catholic Syrian Christians. They had substantial success in convincing Catholic Syrians in Thrissur District(from Chalakudy to Palayur(Chavakkad).The Syrian Catholic community in Aloor aligned with the prominent parishes like Our Lady of Dolours Church Thrissur, St Thomas church Palayur, St George’s church(Now St.Thomas Cathedral) Irinjalakuda, etc. in the movement for their own bishop and liturgy.. It was a natural response of the people who were reeling under the yoke of unmindful latinization by the missionaries and the Bishops and the requests for a native bishop fell in deaf ears. The Syrian Catholic community later understood that these bishops had come without the knowledge of the Pope and the community continued in obedience with Rome. In 1865, the jurisdiction of the East Syrian Patriarch over the Syrian Catholics in India was formally terminated by the Apostolic See. In 1868, Leonardo Mellano became the bishop of Verapoly and he gave approval for the church at Aloor. The Syrian Catholic community continued their struggle to have a hierarchy of its own rite- with native Bishops. Rome sent a few apostolic visitors to study the situation of leaking. Rev Leo Meurin S J in 1875 and Rev Igantius Pertico in 1876 arrived in Malabar. As a result, the Hierarchy of Syrian Catholics was restored in AD 1887 with the erection of Trichur and Kottayam vicariates for the Syrian Catholic Christians, separating them from the Latin rite Catholics.

1868 -1972 AD: Approval from Rome

In 1868, Aloor church got approval from the Vicariate of Verapoly. Thus liturgical services were offered in the small church built in the land donated by the members of Syrian Catholic community in 1858. Pope Pius IX proclaimed Saint Joseph the patron and protector of the Universal Church in 1870. St. Joseph’s church, Aloor was elevated to the parish status in 1872 under the Vicariate of Verapoly (with 100 families mainly from Chalakudy and Velayanad (Rocos faction) parishes.When the syro malabar hierarchy was re-established in 1887, this prominent parish was placed under the Vicariate of Thrissur,(now Syro-Malabar Catholic Archeparchy of Thrissur) as one of the 83 parishes between Bharathapuzha and Periyar rivers, during its erection.In 1978 Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Irinjalakuda was erected and Aloor parish was placed under the new eparchy.

Filial churches

During the period of restoration of syro malabar hierarchy in 1887, the area under the territory of Syro-Malabar Catholic Eparchy of Irinjalakuda consisted of only 20 parishes including Aloor. Later many parishes and daughter churches were erected from Aloor parish by separating Thazhekkad (roccos faction families), Vellanchira(partly), Kodakara (partly- puliparakunnu-koprakkalam area),Potta(partly),Anathadam, Aloor Prasadavaranatha (major portion)and Kalvarikunnu which resulted in the loss of parish territory.The liturgical needs of the faithful of St. Marys Rosary Church, Karoor were fulfilled by the vicars of Aloor church until 1914.Pastoral care was given to Vellanchira, Anathadam, Aloor Prasadavaranatha and Kalvarikunnu parishes by the vicars of Aloor church until they get independent vicars and parish status. St. Thomas Church Anathadam(1973), Vyakulamatha Church Kalvarikunnu (1994)& Prasadavaranatha Church were erected as the filial churches under Aloor parish. St. Mary's Church, Aloor East (1985)is a filial church belongs to St. Joseph Church.

Prayer system

The Holy Mass, which is called Holy Qurbana in East Syriac Aramaic and means 'Eucharist', is celebrated in its solemn form on Sundays and special occasions. Full length Holy Mass in Syro Malabar liturgy is performed in all days. Currently they celebrate the Divine Liturgy of Addai and Mari in Malayalam.The church follows liturgical calendar of Syro Malabar Church ordered according to the flow of salvation history. It focuses on the historical life of Jesus.There are nine seasons for the liturgical year.

Festivals

The feast of Mar Youseph (Saint Joseph),the patron is celebrated on the Sunday on or after 23 January as it is (traditionally) considered as day in which the Joseph Betrothed (kiddushin) to Mary. 'Ambuperunnal' or the feast of Epiphany and Mar Sebastianos Sahada (St. Sebastian) is celebrated on the Saturday of the patron’s feast. The feast of Saint Mary,Mother of God is celebrated on the first Sunday of October. The memorial day of Mar Geevarghis Sahada (Saint George,the martyr) is traditionally celebrated on the Sunday on or after April 23. Pindiperunnal-'Denaha perunnal' or the feast of Epiphany, Christmas(25 December), Easter, Dukrane d Marthoma (3 July), Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (8 September), Holy week etc. are also observed.

Charitable activities

A primary school was established in the premises of Aloor church in 1894 which was managed by the parishioners (now St. JBCLPS Aloor).Later it was handed over free of cost to CHF sisters in 1934. In 1947, the Aloor church donated 1 acre of land to the government to run a hospital for mothers and children. The church also constructed a building in this land and donated for the purpose. Now, Aloor primary health center is functioning in this place at Aloor center. The government veterinary hospital is also functioning in the land donated by the church. The village library and ESI hospital were functioning in the buildings provided by the church. The church also constructed and donated many houses in different parts of the parish. In 2008, a social welfare project of Rs 1 Crore was implemented in connection with the sesquicentennial jubilee (150 years) of the first ‘prayer chapel’ of 1858 which was later developed into Aloor church. The Jubilee Nagar was set up in the land donated by the parishioners and many houses were built for the homeless. Anganwadi of ward 22, Aloor panchayat is functioning in the land provided by the church in Jubilee Nagar.

Thazhekad Church

Thazhekad Church, dedicated to Marth mariam, is the first church founded in Aloor panchayath.In the floor of the cross in front of the Church, it is inscribed that Church was founded in the year 800 A.D. This community was primarily under the jurisdiction of Ambazhakad and later under the parish of Marth mariam church, Velayanad.

Shasanas

The Thazhekad Sasanam(Thazhekad Church privileges) is still preserved in this Church. These are the privileges given to the Christian traders and nazrani leaders -Iravi Korthan and Chathan Vadukan of Manigramam- of this place by Rajasimha a Chera King (1028-1043) a contemporary of Rajendra, the Chola King.The Sasanas are written in the form of “Vattezhuthu” (Kollavarsham 203-218) (For details see- History of the places of Kerala, Trichur District, p. 118 - by V.V.K. Valath). The inscription can be dated palaeographically to between the 8th and 10th centuries. The destruction of the port of Thazhekad diminished its commercial importance. The church was ravaged by Tippu Sultan's army, during his invasion of to Cochin and Travancore, between 1789-1791.

In 1861, Fr. Yohannan Chittilappilly, a Syrian Catholic priest got permission to construct a new church in Thazhekkad proverty which was situated in the northern area of Velayanad parish from Vicariate of Verapoly. But instead of reconstructing the ravaged Thazhekad church, he sought the help of Anti Rocos faction of Syrian Catholics and constructed a church at Kallettumkara with their support .The Bishop of Verapoly who was against the struggle for liturgy and hierarchy of Syrian Catholics, suddenly raised Infant Jesus church of Anti Rocos faction to Parish status in 1861 which included a wider area of Kallettumkara, Muriyad and Thazhekkad muris of the then Thazhekkad proverty of Mukundapuram taluk. Majority of the Christians of Kuzhikkattussery muri(South of Kundayi Junction to Parambi Road Junction) of Thazhekkad proverty were attached to Puthenchira church at that time.But the Rocos faction of Syrian Catholics of the region remained with Velayanad parish and later some of them joined with Aloor parish. When The Thazhekad church was rebuilt in 1911, some of them joined in Thazhekad parish. Infant Jesus church (1861) is the first church in Kallettumkara muri of Mukundapuram taluk.

St. Mary's rosary church, Karoor(1905), Fatima matha church, Vellanchira (1953), Our Lady of Grace Church, Thuruthipparambu(1966) & Blessed Mariam Thressia filial church, Sholayar (2006)are the other churches in Aloor village. Mary Immaculate Church, Kuzhikkattussery(1904), St. Alphonsa church, Vallakkunnu(2008), St.Antony's filal church,Thazhekkad south(2006), and St. Mary's filal Church, Kannikkara (2006) are located in Aloor panchayath area. Now these 11 parishes and 4 filial churches of the St Thomas Christians in Aloor panchayath fall under the Syro Malabar Catholic eparchy of Irinjalakuda.

Pilgrimage

The Thazhekad church was rebuilt in 1911 as St.Sebastian's church due to the presence of holy icon of St.Sebastian.The church is famous for the feast of Kurisu Muthappan (St.Sebastian)on 2nd and 3 May every year. Archdiocese of Thrissur declared this church as the pilgrim shrine in 1972.

Religious Institutions

Marthoma centre,Aloor, BLM retreat centre,Aloor, PACS Kallettumakara, Thiruhridaya seminari,Aloor, Shoenstatt seminari,Aloor and Kalvari Franciscan ashram are the other Christian institutions in panchayath territory. The tomb of Blessed Mariam Thressia at Kuzhikkattussery is just one kilometer away from panchayath territory. In the early half of 20th century, A hilly area near Aloor junction was donated to Fr. Andrews Malamel by some members of the community for charity purpose and later it was used by summer residences of Bishop of Thrissur. Fr. Jose Akkarakkaran built a chapel dedicated to Our Lady of Grace in 1968.This centre was later developed as Better Life Movement, Aloor and Prasadavaranatha Parish,Aloor etc. The first complete Bible in Malayalam by Fr. Thomas Moothedan was printed from BLM press, Aloor. 'Kerala Sabha', the official monthly magazine of eparchy of Irinjalakuda is also printed and published from here.

Prominent Personalities

1. Mar Joseph Irimpan, Bishop of Palghat (1974 - 1994)- Former vicar (1968-71)
2. Mar Paul Chittilapilly, Bishop of Kalyan (1988–97),Bishop of Thamarassery(1997-2010)- Former Asst.vicar(1966)
3. Mar Stephen Chirapanath, Apostolic Visitator to Europe(2016-)- Former Asst.vicar(1988)
4. Fr. Dr. Vincent Alappat, President Paurastya Vidyapitham- Assistant Parish Priest (1978 – 1979)