Architectural type Church Phone +98 44 3222 2259 | Groundbreaking 1th century | |
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Location Urmia, West Azarbaijan Province, Iran Affiliation Assyrian Church of the East Address West Azerbaijan Province, Qushchi, Khayyam St, Iran Similar St Thaddeus Monastery, Ghotour Bridge, Shalmash Falls, Jame Mosque of Urmia, Baqcheh Jooq Palace | ||
St. Mary Church (Aramaic: ܩܕܝܫܬܐ ܡܪܝܡ ܥܕܬܐ, Persian: کلیسای ننه مریم), is an ancient Assyrian church located in the city of Urmia, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. It is considered by some historians to be the second oldest church in Christendom after the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem in the West Bank.
Current old building of the church belongs to Sasanian era and its interior design is a combination of Sasanian and Arsacid architecture.
It is believed by some Assyrian and Christian historians that it had been a Fire temple at first in which Zoroastrian priests used to pray. At Jesus Christ' time of birth, three priests observed a shining star moving toward east. They considered it as a sign of awaited Messiah's birth and traveled to Jerusalem to meet him. After coming back they change the fire temple to a church. A Chinese princess, who contributed to its reconstruction in 642 AD, has her name engraved on a stone on the church wall. The famous Italian traveller Marco Polo also described the church in his visit.
Briefly prior to the World War I, it was converted by the Russians to a Russian Orthodox church. In early 1960s, the old church was restored and a modern church with a spire was built adjacent to the ancient church.