Software entropy

A work on software engineering by Ivar Jacobson et al. describes software entropy as follows:

The second law of thermodynamics, in principle, states that a closed system's disorder cannot be reduced, it can only remain unchanged or increase. A measure of this disorder is entropy. This law also seems plausible for software systems; as a system is modified, its disorder, or entropy, tends to increase. This is known as software entropy. Within software development, there are similar theories; see Lehman (1985), who suggested a number of laws, of which two were, basically, as follows:

1. A computer program that is used will be modified
2. When a program is modified, its complexity will increase, provided that one does not actively work against this.

Andrew Hunt and David Thomas use Fixing Broken Windows as a metaphor for avoiding software entropy in software development.

The process of code refactoring can result in stepwise reductions in software entropy.

Software entropy is increased with accumulation of technical debt.