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Sicilian nationalism consists of various movements in the autonomous Italian region of Sicily, as well as the Sicilian diaspora, which seek greater autonomy or outright independence for the region from Italy, and promoting the defense of Sicilian heritage, traditions, culture and the Sicilian language.
Various separatist and autonomist movements in Sicily have received support from the political left, right, and centre. Historically, the most notable party with a Sicilian nationalist platform was the separatist Sicilian Independence Movement, who had four seats in the Italian Senate and nine seats in the Italian Chamber of Deputies at their peak in the mid-1940s. In contemporary Sicily, the largest sicilianist party has been the autonomist Party of the Sicilians, part of the greater Movement for the Autonomies, which governed Sicily under the presidency of Raffaele Lombardo from 2008-2012. The left-wing sicilianism, formerly active also through some Sicilian socialists, Antonio Varvaro's MISDR (Republican Democratic Sicilian Independence Movement) and the Communist Party of Sicily, is now represented only by the Sicilian Socialist Party and the Sicilian National Front.
Political support
After Lombardo's autonomist government ruled from 2008-2012, in the 2012 regional election, the largest predominantly sicilianist coalition, led by the center-right Gianfranco Micciché gathered only 19.98% of the votes, and are no longer the governing coalition. They are now serving in the opposition in the Sicilian Parliament.