Semion is a given name. Notable people with the name include:
Semion Abugov (1877–1950), Jewish, Russian and Soviet painter and art educatorSemion Alapin (1856–1923), chess master, openings analyst, and puzzle composerSemion Belits-Geiman (born 1945), former Soviet freestyle swimmerSemion Bogatyrev (1890–1960), Russian musicologist and composerSemion Braude (1911–2003), Ukrainian physicist and radio astronomerSemion Budionnyi (1883–1973), red cossack, Soviet cavalryman, military commander, politician and close ally of Joseph StalinSemion Chelyuskin (1700–1764), Russian polar explorer and naval officerSemion Domash (born 1950), Belarusian policiticanSemion Elistratov (born 1990), Russian short-track speed-skaterSemion Grigoryevich Frug (1860–1916), multi-lingual Russian poet, lyricist and authorSemion Furman (1920–1978), Soviet chess International Grandmaster and trainerSemion Grossu (born 1934), Moldovan politician and businessmanSemion Ivanov (1907–1993), Soviet generalSemion Mogilevich (born 1946), Israeli, Ukrainian-born organized crime boss, believed to be the "boss of bosses" of most Russian Mafia syndicates in the worldSemion Morozov (1914–1943), commissar of the Taganrog antifascist underground organization (1941–1943)Semion G. Murafa (1887–1917), Bessarabian politician in the Russian Empire, also known as a publicist and composerSemion Rotnitsky (1915–2004), Soviet Russian painter, Honoured Art worker of Tatar Republic, member of the Saint Petersburg Union of ArtistsSemion Șestopali (1912–2002), Russian-born Romanian and Israeli writerSemion Shchedrin (1895–1970), Soviet military commander, senior professional officer of the Red Army when the Soviets invaded Poland in 1939Semion Yushkevich (1868–1927), Russian language writer, and playwright and a member of the Moscow literary group Sreda