Satoshi Ōmura

Updated on Nov 29, 2024

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Native name 大村智 Name Satoshi Omura Nationality Japanese Siblings Taizo Omura		Fields Biochemistry Role Biochemist Children Ikuyo Omura

Born 12 July 1935 (age 89) Nirasaki, Yamanashi, Japan ( 1935-07-12 ) Institutions Kitasato UniversityWesleyan University Alma mater University of YamanashiTokyo University of Science (M.S., Sc. D.)University of Tokyo (Ph.D.) Academic advisors Koji NakanishiMax Tishler Known for Avermectin and Ivermectin Education University of Tokyo, University of Yamanashi, Tokyo University of Science Awards Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, The Canada Gairdner Global Health Award Similar People Tu Youyou, Takaaki Kajita, Kitasato Shibasaburo, William C Campbell, Shinya Yamanaka

Satoshi mura nobel lecture a splendid gift from the earth the origins impact of avermectin

Satoshi Ōmura [satoɕi oːmu͍ɽa] (大村智, Ōmura Satoshi, born 12 July 1935) is a Japanese biochemist. He is known for the discovery and development of various pharmaceuticals originally occurring in microorganisms. In 2015, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with William C. Campbell and Tu Youyou.

Satoshi Ōmura Professor Satoshi Omura Biography

Portrait of a nobel laureate satoshi mura 2015 nobel prize in physiology or medicine

Early life and education

Satoshi Ōmura Satoshi Omura From NightSchool Teacher to Nobel Winner Japan

Satoshi Ōmura was born in Nirasaki, Yamanashi, Japan, in 1935, the second son of Ōmura family. After graduating from the University of Yamanashi in 1958, he was appointed to science teacher at Tokyo Metropolitan Sumida Tech High School. In 1960, he became an auditor of Koji Nakanishi at Tokyo University of Education, one year later, he enrolled in the Tokyo University of Science (TUS) and studied sciences. Ōmura received his M.S. degree from TUS and his Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Sciences from the University of Tokyo and a Ph.D. in Chemistry at the TUS.

Career

Satoshi Ōmura is professor emeritus at Kitasato University and Max Tishler Professor of Chemistry at Wesleyan University. He is known for the discovery and development of various pharmaceuticals originally occurring in microorganisms. He was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with William C. Campbell and Tu Youyou for discoveries concerning a novel therapy against infections caused by roundworm parasites. More precisely, his research group isolated a strain of Streptomyces avermitilis that produce the anti-parasitical compound avermectin. Campbell later acquired these bacteria and developed the derived drug ivermectin that is today used against river blindness, lymphatic filariasis and other parasitic infections.

Major contributions

Satoshi Ōmura discoveries more than 480 new compounds in past forty-five years, there are 25 kinds of drugs and reagents in use.

National

Satoshi Ōmura Satoshi mura awarded SIMB Fellowship SIMB Annual Meeting

1992 – Medal with Purple Ribbon

2011 – Order of the Sacred Treasure, Gold and Silver Star

2012 – Person of Cultural Merit

Membership in learned societies

1992 – Academy of Sciences Leopoldina

1999 – National Academy of Sciences

2001 – Japan Academy

2002 – Académie des sciences

Other

2008 – Knight of the Legion of Honour of France

Publications

Ōmura, S.; wai, A.; Hirano, A.; Nakagawa, A.; Awaya, J.; Tsuchiya, H.; Takahashi, Y.; Masuma, R. (1977). "A new alkaloid AM-2282 of Streptomyces origin: Fermentation, isolation and preliminary characterization". J. Antibiot. 30: 275–282. PMID 863788.

Burg, R. W.; Miller, B. M.; Baker, E. E.; Birnbaum, J.; Currie, S. A.; Hartman, R.; Kong, Y.-L.; Monaghan, R.; Olson, G.; Putter, I.; Tunac, J. B.; Wallick, H.; Stapley, E. O.; Oiwa, R.; Ōmura, S. (1979). "Avermectins, new family of potent anthelmintic agents: producing organism and fermentation". Antimicrob. Agents and Chemother. 15: 61–367. PMC 352666.

Hopwood, D.A.; Malphatida, F.; Kieser, H.M.; Ikeda, J.; Juncan, J.; Fujii, B.A.M.; Rudd, H.; Floss, G.; Ōmura, S. (1984). "Production of 'hybrid' antibiotics by genetic engineering". Nature. 314 (6012): 642–644. PMC 180355.

Ikeda, H.; Nonomiya, T.; Usami, M.; Ohta, T; Ōmura, S. (1999). "Organization of the biosynthetic gene cluster for the polyketide anthelmintic macrolide avermectin in Streptomyces avermitilis". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 96: 9509–9514. PMC 22239. PMID 10449723.

Hayashi, M.; Rho, M.-C.; Enomoto, A.; Fukami, A.; Kim, Y.-P.; Kikuchi, Y.; Sunazuka, T.; Hirose, T.; Komiyama, K.; Ōmura, S. (2002). "Suppression of bone resorption by madindoline A, a novel nonpeptide antagonist to gp130". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 99: 14728–14739. doi:10.1073/pnas.211433198. PMC 59794. PMID 11572948.

Hirose, T.; Sunazuka, T.; Ōmura, S. (2010). "Recent development of two chitinase inhibitors, argifin and argadin, produced by soil microorganisms (Rev. article)". Proc. Jpn. Acad.: 85–102. PMC 3417560. PMID 20154467.

Matoba, N.; Husk, A.S.; Barnett, B.W.; Pickel, M.M.; Arntzen, C.J.; Montefiori, D.C.; Takahashi, A.; Tanno, K; Omura, Satoshi; Cao, C.; Mooney, J.P.; Hanson, C.V.; Tanaka, H. (2010). "HIV-1 Neutralization Profile and Plant-Based Recombinant Expression of Actinohivin, an Env Glycan-Specific Lectin Devoid of T-Cell Mitogenic Activity". PLoS ONE. 5 (6). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011143. PMC 2886112.

Nakano, H.; Ōmura, S. (2009). "Chemical biology of natural indolocarbazole products: 30 years since the discovery of staurosporine (Review article)". J. Antibiot. 62: 17–26. doi:10.1038/ja.2008.4. PMID 19132059.

Ōmura, S. (2011). "Microbial metabolites: 45 years of wandering, wondering and discovering". Tetrahedron. 67: 6420–6459.

References

Satoshi Ōmura Wikipedia

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