Saltykov (Russian: Салтыков) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Saltykova. It may refer to
Aleksey Saltykov (disambiguation), several people
Darya Nikolayevna Saltykova (1730–1801), Russian serial killer
Darya Petrovna Saltykova (1739–1802), Russian lady-in-waiting and socialite
Irina Saltykova (born 1966), Russian pop singer
Ivan Saltykov (1730–1805), Russian Field-Marshal
Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin (1826–1889), leading Russian satirist, known under his penname Shchedrin
Nikolai Saltykov (1736–1816), Russian Field-Marshal
Praskovia Saltykova (1664–1723), Tsarina, wife of Ivan V of Russia
Pyotr Saltykov (1698–1772), Russian statesman
Sergei Saltykov (c. 1726–1765), Russian noble, first lover of Catherine the Great
