Preceded by Daniel R. Crissinger Profession Banker Spouse Amy Goodrich | Nationality American Name Roy Young Succeeded by Eugene Meyer | |
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Born May 17, 1882
Marquette, Michigan ( 1882-05-17 ) Died December 31, 1960, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States | ||
Roy Archibald Young (May 17, 1882 – December 31, 1960) was a U.S. banker. Most significantly, he was chairman of the Federal Reserve Board between 1927 and 1930 during the presidencies of Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover. During his tenure as chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, the Stock Market Crash of 1929 occurred and the United States went into an economic depression. He also was president of the Federal Reserve Banks in Minneapolis (1919-1927) and Boston (1930-1942).
Biography
Young was a messenger for a bank at the age of eight. He then worked as assistant cashier and joined the Citizens National Bank as vice president in 1913. From 1919 to 1927 he was president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis before becoming chairman of the Federal Reserve Board. From 1930 to 1942 he served as president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. After his resignation, he changed to become chairman of the Merchants National Bank and later chairman of American Woolen Company.
During his term in office as chairman of the Federal Reserve Board there was confrontation between the Federal Reserve Board and the Federal Reserve Bank of New York under George L. Harrison of how to curb speculation that led inter alia to the stock market boom of the late 1920s. The Board was in favor of putting "direct pressure" on the lending member banks while the Federal Reserve Bank of New York wanted to raise the discount rate. The Board under Young disapproved this step, however Young himself was not fully convinced that the policy of using pressure would work and refused to sign the 1929 Annual Report of the Board because it contained parts favorable to this policy.