Roelof is a given name, the Dutch cognate of Rudolph. Notable people with the name include:
Roelof Bisschop (born 1956), Dutch historian and politicianRoelof Botha (born 1973), venture capitalist and company directorRoelof Frederik Botha or Pik Botha (born 1932), former politician from South AfricaJohannes Roelof Maria van den Brink (1915–2006), Dutch politician and bankerPaulus Roelof Cantz'laar (1771–1831), Dutch naval officer and colonial governorRoelof Dednam (born 1985), male badminton player from South AfricaRoelof Diodati (1658–1723), governor of Dutch Mauritius in the late 17th centuryRoelof Frankot (1911–1984), Dutch painterRoelof Hordijk (1917–1979), Dutch fencerRoelof Huysmann (1444–1485), pre-Erasmian humanist of the northern Low CountriesRoelof Klein (1877–1960), Dutch rower who competed at the 1900 Summer Olympics in ParisRoelof Koets (1592–1654), Dutch Golden Age painterRoelof Koets (Zwolle) (1655–1725), 18th-century painter from the Northern NetherlandsRoelof Koops (1909–2008), Dutch speed skater who competed in the 1936 Winter OlympicsRoelof Kranenburg (1880–1956), Dutch politician, lawyer and professor of state lawRoelof Kruisinga (1922–2012), Dutch physician and politicianRoelof van Laar (born 1981), Dutch politicianRoelof van Lennep (1876–1951), Dutch male tennis playerRoelof de Man (1634–1663), Dutch colonial administrator in South AfricaRoelof van der Merwe (born 1984), South African cricketerRoelof Nelissen (born 1931), retired Dutch politician of the defunct Catholic People's PartyRoelof Smit (born 1993), South African rugby union playerRoelof Jansz van Vries (1631–1681), Dutch Golden Age painterRoelof Wunderink (born 1948), Dutch former racing driver