Richard Donald Nelson (born 1945) is an American Old Testament scholar. He is W. J. A. Power Professor of Biblical Hebrew and Old Testament and Associate Dean for Academic Affairs at Perkins School of Theology at Southern Methodist University.
Nelson studied at Capital University, Trinity Lutheran Seminary and Union Theological Seminary in Virginia. Prior to coming to Perkins, he served as a pastor in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, and then as Assistant Professor of Religion at Ferrum College and Kraft Professor of Biblical Studies at Lutheran Theological Seminary at Gettysburg.
Nelson has written commentaries on Deuteronomy, Joshua, and the Book of Kings. In 2010, a Festschrift was published in his honor: Raising Up a Faithful Exegete: Essays in Honor of Richard D. Nelson, which included contributions from Niels Peter Lemche, Kurt Noll, and Ralph W. Klein.