Rehder is a German surname. Notable people with this surname include the following:
Alfred Rehder (1863-1949), German horticulturist
Elke Rehder (born 1953), German artist
Harald Alfred Rehder (1907–1996), American malacologist
Heinrich Rehder (1887-unknown), German athlete
Lois Corea Rehder (1911–1988), from the USA, spouse of Harald Alfred Rehder
Patrícia Rehder Galvão, known as Pagu (1910-1962), Brazilian poet, journalist and translator.
Tom Rehder (born 1965), American football player