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Regulation of therapeutic goods in the United States is carried out by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which makes some drugs available over the counter at retail outlets and others by prescription only.
The possession of some substances is prohibited by scheduling under the Controlled Substances Act, under the joint jurisdiction of the FDA and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)
Pharmacovigilance
Three primary branches of pharmacovigilance in the U.S. include the FDA, the pharmaceutical manufacturers, and the academic/non-profit organizations (such as RADAR and Public Citizen).
References
Regulation of therapeutic goods in the United States Wikipedia(Text) CC BY-SA