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The Red Cossacks (Ukrainian: Червоне козацтво, Russian: Червонное казачество) was a military formation of the Soviet government of Ukraine. The formation was created in protection of the Soviet regime in Ukraine, liquidation of nationalistic and counter-revolutionary Central Council and as an opposing force to the Central Council's armed forces, so called "Free Cossacks".
The first regiment was created on 28 December 1917 in Kharkiv by Vitaliy Primakov.
References
Red Cossacks Wikipedia(Text) CC BY-SA