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Rast Panjgah (or Rast; Persian: راست پنج گاه) is the name of a Dastgah (musical mode) in Persian and related systems of music.
Rast is a Persian word (راست) meaning "right" or "direct". Rast is regarded as the basic Dastgah in Persian music and later on was copied in Arabic music and Turkish makam music, in the same way as the major scale in Western music, though it is rather different from the major scale in detail. Rast features a half-flat third and a half-flat seventh scale degrees.
Middle eastern Sephardic Jews liken the word Rast to head from the Hebrew word "rosh". Therefore, they have a tradition of applying Maqam Rast to the prayers whenever they begin a new Torah book in the weekly Torah portions (this occurs approximately five times a year as there are five books in the Torah).
Maqam Rast on Do: Do / Re / Mi (half-Flat) / Fa / Sol / La / Si (H-F) / Do.
Maqam Rast RE: Re / Mi / Fa# (half-Sharp) / Sol / La / Si / Do# (H-S) / Re.
Maqam Rast Mi: Mi / Fa# / Sol# (H-S) / La / Si / Do# / Re# (H-S) / Mi.
Maqam Rast Fa: Fa / Sol / La (H-F) / Si flat / Do / Re / Mi (H-F) / Fa.
Maqam Rast Sol: Sol / La / Si (H-F) / Do / Re / Mi / Fa# (H-S) / Sol.
Maqam Rast La: La / Si / Do# (H-S) / Re / Mi / Fa# / Sol# (H-S) / La.
Maqam Rast Si: si / Do# / Re# (H-S) / Mi / Fa# / Sol# / La# (H-S) / Si.
(H-F) is Half-Flat: keep in mind that flat lowers the note half step down, Half flat means the note is lowered 1/4 step down)
(H-S) is Half-Sharp: Sharp raises the note half step up, half sharp raises it 1/4 step up)