R 14 Chusovaya

The R-14 Chusovaya (Russian: Чусовая) was a single stage Intermediate-range ballistic missile developed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War. It was given the NATO reporting name SS-5 Skean and was known by GRAU index 8K65. It was designed by Mikhail Kuzmich Yangel. Chusovaya is the name of a river in Russia. Line production was undertaken by Facility No. 1001 in Krasnoyarsk.

R-14 tests began in September 1959. The missile was the basis of the Kosmos-3 launch vehicle family. In 1964, the R-14 was equipped with a smaller second stage to create the 65S3 booster and eight were flown over the next year from LC-41 at Baikonur. By 1966, the fully operational 11K65 booster was in use, but it was flown only four times before being succeeded by the definitive 11K65M launcher, used for assorted light civilian and military satellites, most being launched from Plesetsk (a very few have also been flown from Kapustin Yar). It was retired from service in 2010.

The missile was gradually replaced by RSD-10 Pioneers, and by the mid 1980s most had been taken out of service. The last missiles were scrapped on August 9, 1989.