Polyanski (Russian Полянский), also transliterated as Polyanskiy or Polyansky, is a Russian surname (the female form being Polyanskaya, Russian Полянская). People with this surname include:
Pavel Lebedev-Polianskii (1888–1948), Russian Bolshevik writer
Dmitry Polyansky (born 1917), former Deputy Premier of the Soviet Union
Anatoly Polyansky (1928–1993), Russian architect
Valery Polyansky (born 1949), a Russian choral and orchestral conductor
Igor Nikolaevich Polyansky (born 1967), Russian swimmer, living in New Zealand
Andrei Polyanskiy (born 1986), Russian football player
Dmitry Polyanski (born 1986), Russian triathlete, husband of Anastasiya Polyanskaya
Anastasiya Polyanskaya (born 1989), Ukrainian triathlete, wife of Dmitry Polyanski
Lyubov Polyanskaya (born 1989), Russian triathlete
Igor Andreyevich Polyanski (born 1990), Russian triathlete, the younger brother of Dmitry Polyanski
