Poli is a surname of Italian origin. The name refers to:
Afro Poli (1902–1988), Italian operatic baritone
Andrea Poli (b. 1989), Italian professional football player
Antonio De Poli (b. 1960), Italian politician; member of the European Parliament
Barbara Fusar-Poli (b. 1972), Italian ice dancer
Dante Poli (b. 1967), Argentine professional football player
Eros Poli (b. 1963), Italian professional road bicycle racer
Fausto Poli (1581–1653), Italian Roman Catholic archbishop; private secretary to Pope Urban VIII
Giuseppe Saverio Poli (1746–1825), an Italian physicist, biologist and natural historian
Jacopo Poli (contemporary), Italian manager of the Poli Distillerie grappa distillery
Ninsun Poli (contemporary), Assyrian singer and songwriter in Sweden
Piero Poli (b. 1960), Italian Olympic rower
Riccardo Poli (contemporary), Italian computer scientist and professor
