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Piperlongumine (PL) is a natural product constituent of the fruit of the Long pepper (Piper longum), a pepper plant found in southern India and southeast Asia.
Piperlongumine may have anti-cancer properties. In in vitro experiments, it selectively kills some types cancer cells over normal cells. One study in a xenograft mouse model of cancer showed that piperlongumine inhibits the growth of malignant breast tumors and their associated metastases. Its anticancer effects may be due to silencing the GSTP1 gene.
Some piperlongumine derivatives were potent anti-inflammatory agents. The synthesis typically involved Schotten-Baumann reaction between the acid chloride of 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid with the corresponding amines. Wang et al., evaluated piperlongumine as a novel senolytic agent.
