Felix Mendelssohn's Piano Trio No. 2 in C minor, Op. 66 was composed in 1845 and published in February 1846. The work is scored for a standard piano trio consisting of violin, cello and piano. Mendelssohn dedicated the work to the violinist Louis Spohr, who played through the piece with the composer at least once.
Movements
The trio has four movements:
- Allegro energico e con fuoco (C minor)
- Andante espressivo (E-flat major)
- Scherzo: Molto allegro quasi presto (G minor)
- Finale: Allegro appassionato (C minor, ending in C major)
A typical performance lasts just under 30 minutes.
A notable feature of the finale of this work is its use of the melody of a chorale taken from the sixteenth-century Genevan psalter, "Herr Gott Dich Loben Wir, " as the culminating melody. The tune is known in English as Old Hundredth from its association with the 100th Psalm and is commonly sung to the lyrics "Praise God from Whom All Blessings Flow." Bach used the chorale as the basis for Cantata 130, BWV 130, also known as "Herr Gott Dich Loben Wir," as the theme in the contrapuntal first movement and as the unadorned chorale in the last. The chorale in the finale of the piano trio has occasionally and erroneously been identified as Vor Deinen Tron, which pictures humans before the Throne of God, a dark and serious chorale as opposed to the triumphal Old Hundredth. Bach wrote the chorale prelude Vor Deinen Tron on his deathbed (BWV 668). It was published as an addendum to the unfinished Art of the Fugue, and in the collection known as the Leipzig Chorales.
The opening theme of the finale was adopted by Brahms for the Scherzo of his Piano Sonata No. 3, Op. 5, and Brahms also used the opening of the first movement of this trio as the basis for the piano line in the finale of his Piano Quartet No. 3 in C minor, Op. 60.