Built 1862 (1862) Opened 1862 Added to NRHP 20 February 1975 | NRHP Reference # 75000360 Area 2 ha Nearest city Nogales | |
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The Pete Kitchen Ranch was established on Potrero Creek near Nogales, Arizona about 1862, reputedly the first permanent American ranch in Arizona. The site, which had good access to water, had been inhabited in prehistory and had been visited by Juan Bautista de Anza in October 1774, who called it Las Lagunas, a name also used by Kitchen. By the 1870s the ranch was producing substantial crops and livestock that yielded an income of $10,000 a year. "Pete Kitchen hams" were a major portion of the business. In 1883 Kitchen sold the ranch for a substantial amount of money after the arrival of the railroad cut into his market. He continued to maintain mining and cattle interests and retired to Tucson, losing his money to gambling and loans to friends. Kitchen died on August 5, 1895 at age 77.
Description
The main ranch house is an L-shaped stone structure with log lintels and a flat roof. The roof is surrounded by a 4-foot (1.2 m) parapet that functioned as a shelter for sentries watching for Apache raiding parties. There were two main rooms and a kitchen downstairs. A variety of additions were made and several smaller structures once existed on the site. Dugout caves sheltered some workers. The site covers 5 acres (2.0 ha). During the ranch's time as a frontier museum several structures were reconstructed.
The Pete Kitchen Ranch was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 10, 1975. The ranch building survives as part of a restaurant in Nogales.